Explaining the enigmatic anchoring effect: Mechanisms of selective accessibility
Explaining the enigmatic anchoring effect: Mechanisms of selective accessibility
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.73.3.437
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发表时间：
1997-09-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Mussweiler, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Strack, F;Mussweiler, T
3个研究的结果支持锚定是语义启动的一个特例；具体地说，当参与者做出绝对判断时，被激活以解决相对锚定任务的信息随后将更容易获得。研究一运用启动研究的逻辑，说明锚定效应的强度取决于激活信息的适用性。研究二发现，当被激活的信息不能代表绝对判断，且两种判断任务的目标完全不同时，存在对比效应。研究3表明，当比较判断包括一个不可信的锚时，生成绝对判断需要更多的时间，因此可以在没有相关目标信息的情况下做出，否则可能会获得这些信息。
Results of 3 studies support the notion that anchoring is a special case of semantic priming; specifically, information that is activated to solve a comparative anchoring task will subsequently be more accessible when participants make absolute judgments. By using the logic of priming research, in Study 1 the authors showed that the strength of the anchor effect depends on the applicability of activated information. Study 2 revealed a contrast effect when the activated information was not representative for the absolute judgment and the targets of the 2 judgment tasks were sufficiently different. Study 3 demonstrated that generating absolute judgments requires more time when comparative judgments include an implausible anchor and can therefore be made without relevant target information that would otherwise be accessible.