Information level and young children's phonological accuracy.
Information level and young children's phonological accuracy.
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信息水平和幼儿的语音准确性。
DOI：
10.1017/s0305000900008825
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发表时间：
1996
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Marton,K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goffman,L;Schwartz,RG;Marton,K
以20名22~28个月的儿童为研究对象，考察了信息水平对其生产准确性的影响。这些数据是儿童在涉及代表名词-动词-名词话语的三元组图片的话语集合中产生的名词。在每个三元组中，一个名词保持不变，因此从第一张图片到第三张图片的信息值递减(新的、中等旧的和旧的信息)。代表新信息的词语比代表旧信息的词语更准确。错误的类型没有不同。其中12名儿童对新词和旧词产生的持续时间进行了调查，进一步证明了这一效应。平均而言，编码新信息的产物比编码旧信息的产物持续更长。这些结果提供了在成年人身上观察到的效应的实验证据，表明对信息水平的早期敏感性。然而，由于儿童的年龄较小，这种影响被描述为一个说话人内部的过程，只是偶然地与听者的需求相对应。
The influence of information level on the production accuracy of 20 children (22 to 28 months) was examined. The data were children's productions of nouns in sets of utterances referring to triplets of pictures representing noun-verb-noun utterances. In each triplet one noun remained the same, thus decreasing in information value from the first to the third picture (new, moderately old, and old information). Words representing new information were produced more accurately than words representing old information. The types of errors did not differ. Further evidence of this effect was provided by an examination of the duration of new versus old word productions by 12 of the children. Productions encoding new information were consistently longer on average than those encoding old information. The results provide experimental evidence of an effect observed in adults that indicates early sensitivity to information level. However, because of the children's young age, the effects are characterized as a speaker-internal process that only serendipitously corresponds to listener needs.