Functional Imaging of Learning-Induced Plasticity in the Central Nervous System with Genetically Encoded Reporters in Drosophila.
Functional Imaging of Learning-Induced Plasticity in the Central Nervous System with Genetically Encoded Reporters in Drosophila.
复制标题
利用果蝇基因编码记者对中枢神经系统学习诱导的可塑性进行功能成像。
DOI：
10.1101/pdb.top107799
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Tomchik,SethM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boto,Tamara;Tomchik,SethM
学习和记忆使动物能够根据过去经历的预测价值来调整自己的行为。记忆通常以复杂的形式存在，分布在大脑中的众多细胞和突触中。研究相对简单的记忆形式可以深入了解多种记忆形式的基本过程。当动物了解两种先前不相关的感官刺激之间的关系时，例如当饥饿的动物了解到特定的气味之后会出现美味的奖励时，就会发生联想学习。果蝇是研究这种记忆如何运作的特别强大的模型。基本原理在动物之间广泛共享，并且有多种遗传工具可用于研究果蝇的电路功能。此外，果蝇中介导联想学习的嗅觉结构，例如蘑菇体及其相关神经元，在解剖学上是有组织的，相对具有良好的特征，并且易于成像。在这里，我们回顾嗅觉系统的嗅觉解剖学和生理学，描述嗅觉通路的可塑性如何介导学习和记忆，并解释钙成像方法的一般原理。
Learning and memory allow animals to adjust their behavior based on the predictive value of their past experiences. Memories often exist in complex representations, spread across numerous cells and synapses in the brain. Studying relatively simple forms of memory provides insights into the fundamental processes that underlie multiple forms of memory. Associative learning occurs when an animal learns the relationship between two previously unrelated sensory stimuli, such as when a hungry animal learns that a particular odor is followed by a tasty reward. Drosophila is a particularly powerful model to study how this type of memory works. The fundamental principles are widely shared among animals, and there is a wide range of genetic tools available to study circuit function in flies. In addition, the olfactory structures that mediate associative learning in flies, such as the mushroom body and its associated neurons, are anatomically organized, relatively well-characterized, and readily accessible to imaging. Here, we review the olfactory anatomy and physiology of the olfactory system, describe how plasticity in the olfactory pathway mediates learning and memory, and explain the general principles underlying calcium imaging approaches.