Evolution of genetic potential
Evolution of genetic potential
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pcbi.0010032
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发表时间：
2005-08-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Lachmann, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Meyers, LA;Ancel, FD;Lachmann, M
生物体采用多种策略来科普它们所生活的动态环境。内稳态和生理可塑性在生物体的生命周期内缓冲变化，而随机发育程序和超突变性在更长的时间尺度上跟踪变化。另一种长期机制是“遗传潜能--一种对突变影响的高度敏感性，有助于快速进化到新的状态。使用一个透明的数学模型，我们说明了遗传潜力的概念，并表明，随着环境变异性的降低，不断发展的人口达到三个不同的稳态条件：（1）有机体的灵活性，（2）遗传潜力，（3）遗传鲁棒性。作为这一概念的一个具体例子，我们研究波动选择在一个单一的氨基酸的疏水性。我们看到了相同的三个阶段，这表明环境波动可以产生等位基因分布，不仅与恒定条件下发现的等位基因分布不同，而且与孤立的选择性扫描下出现的瞬时等位基因分布也不同。
Organisms employ a multitude of strategies to cope with the dynamical environments in which they live. Homeostasis and physiological plasticity buffer changes within the lifetime of an organism, while stochastic developmental programs and hypermutability track changes on longer timescales. An alternative long-term mechanism is "genetic potentiaill-a heightened sensitivity to the effects of mutation that facilitates rapid evolution to novel states. Using a transparent mathematical model, we illustrate the concept of genetic potential and show that as environmental variability decreases, the evolving population reaches three distinct steady state conditions: (1) organismal flexibility, (2) genetic potential, and (3) genetic robustness. As a specific example of this concept we examine fluctuating selection for hydrophobicity in a single amino acid. We see the same three stages, suggesting that environmental fluctuations can produce allele distributions that are distinct not only from those found under constant conditions, but also from the transient allele distributions that arise under isolated selective sweeps.