The Evolutionary Consequences of Dams and Other Barriers for Riverine Fishes
The Evolutionary Consequences of Dams and Other Barriers for Riverine Fishes
复制标题
水坝和其他屏障对河流鱼类的进化后果
DOI：
10.1093/biosci/biac004
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
10.1
通讯作者：
Flecker, Alexander S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zarri, Liam J.;Palkovacs, Eric P.;Post, David M.;Therkildsen, Nina O.;Flecker, Alexander S.
水坝和其他人为屏障在地质学的眨眼间就造成了全球生态和水文剧变。在本文中，我们综合了 307 项研究，对淡水鱼类连通性降低和栖息地改变后的当代进化进行了系统回顾。对于在低通行障碍后面被困在小栖息地斑块中许多代的小种群来说，遗传多样性丧失更为常见。研究表明，蓄水可以引起迁徙时间、行为、生活史、温度耐受性和形态的快速适应性进化，并减少表型变异，从而改变适应潜力和生态作用。鱼类通道结构可以恢复洄游种群，但也会对体型和洄游造成人为选择压力。水坝拆除速度的加快以及除鲑鱼以外的鱼类、其他脊椎动物、无脊椎动物以及热带和南半球生物的数据缺乏，凸显了对水坝快速进化影响进行更多研究的迫切需要。
Dams and other anthropogenic barriers have caused global ecological and hydrological upheaval in the blink of the geological eye. In the present article, we synthesize 307 studies in a systematic review of contemporary evolution following reduced connectivity and habitat alteration on freshwater fishes. Genetic diversity loss was more commonly observed for small populations impounded in small habitat patches for many generations behind low-passability barriers. Studies show that impoundments can cause rapid adaptive evolution in migration timing, behavior, life history, temperature tolerance, and morphology, as well as reduce phenotypic variance, which can alter adaptive potential and ecological roles. Fish passage structures can restore migratory populations but also create artificial selection pressures on body size and migration. The accelerating pace of dam removals and the paucity of data for fishes other than salmonids, other vertebrates, invertebrates, and tropical and southern hemisphere organisms highlights the urgent need for more studies on the rapid evolutionary effects of dams.