Roles of the metallothionein family of proteins in the central nervous system
Roles of the metallothionein family of proteins in the central nervous system
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DOI：
10.1016/s0361-9230(01)00452-x
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发表时间：
2001-05-15
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Vasák, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hidalgo, J;Aschner, M;Vasák, M
金属硫蛋白（MT）是一类以高重金属[Zn（II），Cu（I）]含量和异常的半胱氨酸丰度为特征的蛋白质家族。哺乳动物MT由四种主要亚型组成，称为MT-1至MT-4。MT-1和MT-2在包括脑在内的大多数组织中表达，而MT-3（也称为生长抑制因子）和MT-4分别主要在中枢神经系统和角化上皮中表达。所有MT亚型都涉及不同的生理功能，如锌和铜代谢，保护免受活性氧或适应压力。在MT-3的情况下，这种亚型在神经调节事件和阿尔茨海默病的发病机制中的额外参与也被提出。这是至关重要的，以了解如何MT在大脑中的调节，以表征MT功能，无论是在正常的脑生理，以及在病理生理状态。本文综述了MT家族在中枢神经系统中的表达和功能作用。(C)2001 Elsevier Science Inc.
Metallothioneins (MTs) constitute a family of proteins characterized by a high heavy metal [Zn(II), Cu(I)] content and also by an unusual cysteine abundance. Mammalian MTs are comprised of four major isoforms designated MT-1 trough MT-4. MT-1 and MT-2 are expressed in most tissues including the brain, whereas MT-3 (also called growth inhibitory factor) and MT-4 are expressed predominantly in the central nervous system and in keratinizing epithelia, respectively. All MT isoforms have been implicated in disparate physiological functions, such as zinc and copper metabolism, protection against reactive oxygen species, or adaptation to stress. In the case of MT-3, an additional involvement of this isoform in neuromodulatory events and in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease has also been suggested. It is essential to gain insight into how MTs are regulated in the brain in order to characterize MT functions, both in normal brain physiology, as well as in pathophysiological states. The focus of this review concerns the biology of the MT family in the context of their expression and functional roles in the central nervous system. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc.