Selection and Basic Properties of the Buffer Material for High‐Level Radioactive Waste Repository in China
Selection and Basic Properties of the Buffer Material for High‐Level Radioactive Waste Repository in China
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1755-6724.2008.tb00662.x
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发表时间：
2008-10
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wen Zhijian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wen Zhijian
范围广泛的人类活动产生的放射性废物具有许多不同的物理和化学形式，受到不同放射性的污染。它们的共同特点是与放射性有关的潜在危险以及需要以保护人类环境的方式对其进行管理。地质处置被认为是世界各国安全处置高放废物最合理、最有效的方法。中国地质处置的概念模型是建立在一个多屏障系统的基础上的，该系统将孤立的地质环境与工程屏障系统相结合。缓冲是高核废料储存库的主要工程屏障之一。它有望在很长一段时间内保持其低透水性、自密封性、放射性核素吸附和延迟性、导热性、化学缓冲性、罐支撑性和应力缓冲性。选用膨润土作为缓冲材料的主要含量，满足上述要求。高庙子矿床被选为中国高放废物处置库缓冲材料备选供应商。本文介绍了GMZ矿床的地质特征和GMZ钠基膨润土的基本性质。这是一个蒙脱土含量高（约75%）的超大型矿床，选择GMZ - 1作为中国缓冲材料研究的基准材料，GMZ - 1是GMZ矿床生产的钠基膨润土。
Radioactive wastes arising from a wide range of human activities are in many different physical and chemical forms, contaminated with varying radioactivity. Their common features are the potential hazard associated with their radioactivity and the need to manage them in such a way as to protect the human environment. The geological disposal is regarded as the most reasonable and effective way to safely disposing high‐level radioactive wastes in the world. The conceptual model of geological disposal in China is based on a multi‐barrier system that combines an isolating geological environment with an engineered barrier system. The buffer is one of the main engineered barriers for HLW repository. It is expected to maintain its low water permeability, self‐sealing property, radio nuclides adsorption and retardation properties, thermal conductivity, chemical buffering property, canister supporting property, and stress buffering property over a long period of time. Bentonite is selected as the main content of buffer material that can satisfy the above requirements. The Gaomiaozi deposit is selected as the candidate supplier for China's buffer material of high level radioactive waste repository. This paper presents the geological features of the GMZ deposit and basic properties of the GMZ Na‐bentonite. It is a super‐large deposit with a high content of montmorillonite (about 75%), and GMZ‐1, which is Na‐bentonite produced from GMZ deposit is selected as the reference material for China's buffer material study.