A poor start in life negatively affects dominance status in adulthood independent of body size in green swordtails Xiphophorus helleri
A poor start in life negatively affects dominance status in adulthood independent of body size in green swordtails Xiphophorus helleri
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生命开端不佳会对绿剑尾鱼成年后的统治地位产生负面影响，与体型无关
DOI：
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
N. Metcalfe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Royle;J. Lindström;N. Metcalfe
虽然有大量的研究揭示了优势相互作用如何影响对生存和繁殖成功至关重要的资源的获取，但关于优势地位如何受到早期生活经验的影响的研究很少。然而，越来越多的证据表明，早期发育轨迹可以塑造成年人的生理和行为。特别是，营养不良一段时间后的补偿性生长可能会对表型产生长期影响。由于追赶型增长增加了日常能源需求，从而增加了获得足够资源的动力，因此可能会增加或减少竞争能力和攻击性。在这里，我们测试了生命早期的生长补偿是否会影响成年雄性剑尾鱼的优势地位，剑尾鱼是一个具有很强的性别二态和雄雄竞争的物种。在生命早期经历了一段时间限制食物的雄性随后赶上并达到了与在整个发育过程中以随意食物喂养的对照雄性相同的成年身体和装饰尺寸，但从属于大小匹配的对照，这表明在性吸引力和竞争力之间进行了权衡。这表明，早期的生活史和/或成长轨迹可能是独立于当前体型的竞争能力的重要决定因素。
Whilst there is an abundance of studies revealing how dominance interactions affect access to resources critical for survival and reproductive success, very little is known about how dominance status is influenced by early life experiences. However, there is increasing evidence that early developmental trajectories can shape the physiology and behaviour of the adult. In particular, compensatory growth following a period of poor nutrition can have long-term effects on the phenotype. Since catch-up growth increases daily energy requirements and hence the motivation to acquire sufficient resources, it might either increase or decrease competitive ability and aggression. Here we test whether growth compensation early in life subsequently affects the dominance status of adult male swordtail fishes Xiphophorus helleri, a species with strong sexual dimorphism and male–male competition. Males that experienced a period of restricted food early in life subsequently caught up and achieved the same adult body and ornament size as control males that had been raised on ad libitum food throughout development, but were subordinate to size-matched controls, suggesting a trade-off between sexual attractiveness and competitive ability. This indicates that early life history and/or growth trajectory can be an important determinant of competitive ability independent of current body size.