Adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: key conceptual issues
Adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: key conceptual issues
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DOI：
10.1016/s2215-0366(16)30032-3
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发表时间：
2016-06-01
影响因子：
64.3
通讯作者：
Rohde, Luis A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Asherson, Philip;Buitelaar, Jan;Rohde, Luis A.
多年来，注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）被认为是一种儿童期发病的疾病，对成人精神病理学的影响有限。然而，定义ADHD的症状和障碍通常影响成年人，对哌醋甲酯，右旋苯丙胺和托莫西汀等药物以及心理社会干预的反应与儿童和青少年相似。因此，成人对ADHD的认识迅速提高，世界各地出现了新的临床实践。尽管取得了这一进展，但在欧洲和世界许多其他地区，成人多动症的治疗尚未普及，诊断服务往往无法获得或仅限于少数专科中心。鉴于安全有效治疗的有力证据基础，这种情况是值得注意的。在这里，我们解决了一些关键的概念问题，周围的ADHD诊断相关的执业卫生保健专业人员与成人人口的工作。我们的结论是，ADHD应该以与其他常见的成人精神健康疾病相同的方式被识别，并且未能识别和治疗ADHD对许多寻求常见精神健康问题帮助的患者的健康有害。
For many years, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was thought to be a childhood-onset disorder that has a limited effect on adult psychopathology. However, the symptoms and impairments that define ADHD often affect the adult population, with similar responses to drugs such as methylphenidate, dexamphetamine, and atomoxetine, and psychosocial interventions, to those seen in children and adolescents. As a result, awareness of ADHD in adults has rapidly increased and new clinical practice has emerged across the world. Despite this progress, treatment of adult ADHD in Europe and many other regions of the world is not yet common practice, and diagnostic services are often unavailable or restricted to a few specialist centres. This situation is remarkable given the strong evidence base for safe and effective treatments. Here we address some of the key conceptual issues surrounding the diagnosis of ADHD relevant to practising health-care professionals working with adult populations. We conclude that ADHD should be recognised in the same way as other common adult mental health disorders, and that failure to recognise and treat ADHD is detrimental to the wellbeing of many patients seeking help for common mental health problems.