Should I stay or should I go? The emergence of partitioned land use among human foragers
Should I stay or should I go? The emergence of partitioned land use among human foragers
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0218440
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发表时间：
2019-07-11
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Hard, Robert J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Freeman, Jacob;Anderies, John M.;Hard, Robert J.
受德克萨斯沿海平原 (TCP) 考古学的启发，我们发展了流动狩猎采集者人口分布的生态理论。该理论提出，由于资源在空间和时间上的异质性，采集者通过居住自行车和共享知识创建了栖息地网络。个体在创建通过社会关系编码的栖息地网络时表现出的循环程度取决于资源的相对稀缺性和这些资源的波动。使用狩猎采集者人口分布的动态模型，我们说明人口密度的增加，加上对生物物理或社会系统的冲击，创造了一个选择性环境，有利于栖息地划分和对控制景观中觅食者居住循环的社会机制的投资。我们的工作通过在可变环境中添加时间分配决策过程，为理想分配模型增加了一层现实主义，并说明了移动人类采集者之间普遍的方差减少和安全操作空间权衡，从而推动了社会变革。
Taking inspiration from the archaeology of the Texas Coastal Plain (TCP), we develop an ecological theory of population distribution among mobile hunter-gatherers. This theory proposes that, due to the heterogeneity of resources in space and time, foragers create networks of habitats that they access through residential cycling and shared knowledge. The degree of cycling that individuals exhibit in creating networks of habitats, encoded through social relationships, depends on the relative scarcity of resources and fluctuations in those resources. Using a dynamic model of hunter-gatherer population distribution, we illustrate that increases in population density, coupled with shocks to a biophysical or social system, creates a selective environment that favors habitat partitioning and investments in social mechanisms that control the residential cycling of foragers on a landscape. Our work adds a layer of realism to Ideal Distribution Models by adding a time allocation decision process in a variable environment and illustrates a general variance reduction, safe-operating space tradeoff among mobile human foragers that drives social change.