Changes in visual speed perception induced by anticipatory smooth eye movements
Changes in visual speed perception induced by anticipatory smooth eye movements
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DOI：
10.1152/jn.00498.2021
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发表时间：
2022-04-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Ono，Seiji
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Miyamoto，Takeshi;Numasawa，Kosuke;Ono，Seiji
对即将到来的视觉运动的预期是由观察者的经验形成的，可以诱导预期平滑眼动（ASEMs）和视觉感知的变化。先前的研究已经证明了预期对ASEM和知觉控制的离散影响。然而，在这些研究中设计的任务不能分离预期和执行ASEM本身对感知的影响。在本研究中，我们试图通过一个双选择强迫选择（2AFC）任务直接检验ASEM本身对视觉速度知觉的影响，在这个任务中，观察者被要求用眼睛跟踪一对顺序呈现的视觉运动刺激，并判断第二个刺激（测试刺激）比第一个刺激（参考刺激）快还是慢。我们的研究结果表明，观察者的视觉速度知觉，通过心理测量函数量化，根据ASEM速度发生变化。即使稳态眼速度没有差异，情况也是如此。进一步的分析表明，观察者的知觉决定可以用眼球追踪初始阶段的视网膜滑动速度大小的差异来解释，当参考和测试刺激出现时，而不是在稳态阶段。我们的研究结果为初始眼动追踪在视觉速度感知中的重要性和ASEM的强大影响提供了心理物理证据。我们提供的心理物理证据表明，预期平滑眼动（ASEM）的执行会导致对视觉速度感知的低估，也就是说，观察者感知到的物体运动速度比未诱导ASEM时慢，尽管随后的眼动追踪的表现是相当的。此外，我们的研究结果表明，这种关于物体运动速度的感知决策来源于asem诱导的眼球追踪初始阶段视网膜滑动速度的降低。
Expectations about forthcoming visual motion shaped by observers’ experiences are known to induce anticipatory smooth eye movements (ASEMs) and changes in visual perception. Previous studies have demonstrated discrete effects of expectations on the control of ASEM and perception. However, the tasks designed in those studies were not able to segregate the effects of expectations and execution of ASEM itself on perception. In the present study, we attempted to directly examine the effect of ASEM itself on visual speed perception with a two-alternative forced-choice (2AFC) task, in which observers were asked to track a pair of sequentially presented visual motion stimuli with their eyes and to judge whether the second stimulus (test stimulus) was faster or slower than the first (reference stimulus). Our results showed that observers’ visual speed perception, quantified by a psychometric function, shifted according to ASEM velocity. This was the case even though there was no difference in the steady-state eye velocity. Further analyses revealed that the observers’ perceptual decisions could be explained by a difference in the magnitude of retinal slip velocity in the initial phase of ocular tracking when the reference and test stimuli were presented, rather than in the steady-state phase. Our results provide psychophysical evidence of the importance of initial ocular tracking in visual speed perception and the strong impact of ASEM.NEW & NOTEWORTHYWe provide psychophysical evidence that the execution of anticipatory smooth eye movement (ASEM) leads to underestimation of visual speed perception, that is, observers perceive the object motion velocity as slower than when ASEM is not induced, even though the performance of subsequent ocular tracking is comparable. Moreover, our results showed that such perceptual decisions regarding object motion velocity were derived from the ASEM-induced decrease in retinal slip velocity during the initial phase of ocular tracking.