Chemical composition, toxicity and mosquito repellency of Ocimum selloi oil
Chemical composition, toxicity and mosquito repellency of Ocimum selloi oil
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DOI：
10.1016/s0378-8741(03)00233-2
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发表时间：
2003-10-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Paumgartten, FJR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Paula, JP;Gomes-Carneiro, MR;Paumgartten, FJR
传统上，茴香及其精油被用于杀虫或驱虫，也用于调味食品和口服产品、香料、民间药物和调味品。在巴西，茴香被用来治疗胃痛和抗炎药。本研究旨在研究山茱萸油的化学成分、急性毒性、致突变性、皮肤刺激性和驱蚊性。山茱萸精油的主要成分为甲基丁香醇或雌二醇（55.3%）、反式茴香醚（34.2%）、顺式茴香醚（3.9%）和石竹烯（2.1%）。成年瑞士韦氏小鼠灌胃鼠尾草油，剂量高达1250 mg/kg体重，无不良反应。当剂量大于或等于1500毫克/公斤体重时，观察到死亡和症状（如活动减退、共济失调和嗜睡），女性显然比男性更容易受到影响。用沙门菌/微粒体试验评价了不加S9和加S9混合物对芝麻油的遗传毒性。经检测，该油达到毒性限值（500-700杯/盘），对试验菌株TA97a、TA98和TA100无诱变作用。30名男女志愿者接触未稀释的茴香精油（4小时斑贴试验），均未出现阳性皮肤刺激反应。采用现场试验（6名志愿者，每人单独对照），评价了用乙醇（10% v/v）稀释的麝香精油对巴西按蚊（Anopheles brasiliensis）的驱避效果。使用香柏油30 min后，受试者皮肤上蚊虫叮咬的中位数（2，范围0-3）明显低于单独使用香柏油30 min后的中位数（19.5,3-25）（Wilcoxon检验，P < 0.01）。综上所述，山茱萸油是一种有效的驱蚊剂，急性毒性低，无致突变风险，对人体皮肤无刺激性。2003爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司版权所有。
Ocimum spp. (Lamiaceae) and their essential oils have been traditionally used to kill or repel insects, and also to flavor foods and oral products, in fragrances, in folk medicine and as condiments. In Brazil, Ocimum selloi has been used to treat stomachaches and as an anti-inflammatory remedy. This study was performed to provide data on the chemical composition, acute toxicity, mutagenicity, skin irritant potential and mosquito repellency of Ocimum selloi oil. GUMS analysis of Ocimum selloi oil revealed that its major constituents were methyl-chavicol or estragole (55.3%), trans-anethole (34.2%), cis-anethole (3.9%) and caryophyllene (2.1%). Ocimum selloi oil given by gavage to adult Swiss Webster mice produced no adverse effects at doses as high as 1250 mg/kg body weight. Deaths and symptoms (e.g. hypoactivity, ataxia and lethargy) were observed at doses greater than or equal to1500 mg/kg body weight, being females apparently more susceptible than males. Genotoxicity of Ocimum selloi oil was evaluated in the Salmonella/microsome assay without and with S9 mixture. The oil, tested up to the toxicity limit (500-700 mug/plate), was not mutagenic to tester strains TA97a, TA98 and TA100. None of 30 volunteers of either sex exposed to undiluted Ocimum selloi oil (4-h patch test) showed a positive skin irritant reaction. A field test (six volunteers, each individual his/her own control) was carried out to evaluate mosquito (Anopheles braziliensis) repellency of Ocimum selloi oil diluted in ethanol (10% v/v). The median number of mosquito bites on volunteers' skin-recorded for 30 min after application of Ocimum selloi oil (2, range 0-3) was much lower than that noted after application of the solvent alone (19.5, 3-25) (Wilcoxon test, P < 0.01). In conclusion, results showed that Ocimum selloi oil is an effective mosquito repellent that presents a low acute toxicity, poses no mutagenic risk and seems not to be irritating to human skin. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.