How aging impacts the encoding of binaural cues and the perception of auditory space.
How aging impacts the encoding of binaural cues and the perception of auditory space.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.heares.2018.05.001
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发表时间：
2018-11
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Eddins DA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eddins AC;Ozmeral EJ;Eddins DA
多年来，在动物模型和人类中研究了衰老对听觉功能的影响，以描述感知和生理学方面与年龄相关的变化。在这里，我们回顾了年龄可能会影响神经编码和处理的双耳和空间线索在人类听众的作者以及其他人最近的工作重点。单声道时间处理的相关下降，估计从间隙检测和时间精细结构的歧视措施，已与双耳任务，需要精确的时间处理性能较差。在偏侧化和本地化任务，以及在检测噪声中的信号，显着的年龄相关的变化已被证明在行为和电生理措施，并已被归因于下降的神经同步性和减少中央抑制随着年龄的增长。然而，这些机制的证据受到任务（被动与关注）和刺激范式（例如，静态与动态变化的连续）。也就是说，皮质听觉诱发电位（CAEP）测量响应静态耳间时间差（ITD）是较大的老年人与年轻的听众，减少抑制一致，而连续刺激与动态ITD的变化导致较小的反应在老年人相比，年轻的成年人，提示较差的神经同步。此外，老年人的皮质活动分布比年轻人更广泛，不对称性更小，这与老年人认知老化模型中半球不对称性的减少一致。当年长的听众注意到自由场中选定的目标位置时，他们的CAEP分量（N1，P2，P3）再次相对于年轻的听众始终较小，并且皮层活动分布的不对称性降低。随着这项研究的成熟，适当的空间听力变化的神经生物标志物可以提供损伤的客观证据和补救目标。未来的研究应该集中在开发和评估有效的方法来补救这些与衰老和听力损失相关的空间处理缺陷。
Over the years, the effect of aging on auditory function has been investigated in animal models and humans in an effort to characterize age-related changes in both perception and physiology. Here, we review how aging may impact neural encoding and processing of binaural and spatial cues in human listeners with a focus on recent work by the authors as well as others. Age-related declines in monaural temporal processing, as estimated from measures of gap detection and temporal fine structure discrimination, have been associated with poorer performance on binaural tasks that require precise temporal processing. In lateralization and localization tasks, as well as in the detection of signals in noise, marked age-related changes have been demonstrated in both behavioral and electrophysiological measures and have been attributed to declines in neural synchrony and reduced central inhibition with advancing age. Evidence for such mechanisms, however, are influenced by the task (passive vs. attending) and the stimulus paradigm (e.g., static vs. continuous with dynamic change). That is, cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEP) measured in response to static interaural time differences (ITDs) are larger in older versus younger listeners, consistent with reduced inhibition, while continuous stimuli with dynamic ITD changes lead to smaller responses in older compared to younger adults, suggestive of poorer neural synchrony. Additionally, the distribution of cortical activity is broader and less asymmetric in older than younger adults, consistent with the hemispheric asymmetry reduction in older adults model of cognitive aging. When older listeners attend to selected target locations in the free field, their CAEP components (N1, P2, P3) are again consistently smaller relative to younger listeners, and the reduced asymmetry in the distribution of cortical activity is maintained. As this research matures, proper neural biomarkers for changes in spatial hearing can provide objective evidence of impairment and targets for remediation. Future research should focus on the development and evaluation of effective approaches for remediating these spatial processing deficits associated with aging and hearing loss.
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DOI：
10.1093/cercor/bhv269
发表时间：
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期刊：
Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2012-10-10
期刊：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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