The company they keep: background similarity influences transfer of aftereffects from second- to first-order stimuli.
The company they keep: background similarity influences transfer of aftereffects from second- to first-order stimuli.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.visres.2013.05.008
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发表时间：
2013-07-19
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Dayan, Peter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Qian, Ning;Dayan, Peter
关键词：
任务无关的适应背景和测验刺激影响倾斜后效。匹配的背景可以实现从二阶方向到一阶方向的转换。不匹配的背景会减少通常较大的、有序的后遗症。这种背景相似性效应对于弱前景取向是稳健的。在许多研究中，无效的后效可能部分是由背景不匹配引起的。大量研究发现，对二阶视觉刺激的适应对一阶刺激的知觉影响不大。这在生理上和心理上都很麻烦，因为许多细胞对这两类刺激都表现出类似的调谐，而且因为适应一阶刺激会导致确实概括为二阶刺激的后遗症。针对高水平的视觉刺激，我们最近提出了一种新的解释，即迁移不足的部分原因是两类刺激的背景特征不同。在这里，我们考虑刺激背景的影响，在更普遍的，较低水平的情况下，定向倾斜的后效。使用各种一阶和二阶定向刺激，我们表明，我们可以通过增加或减少适应和测试模式的明显不感兴趣或无关的背景的相似性来增加或减少类内和跨类适应的后遗症。我们的结果表明，适应刺激和测试刺激的背景统计数据之间的相似性有助于低水平的视觉适应，因此这些背景不会被视觉加工抛弃，而是提供了适应的语境调制。无效的交叉适应后遗症也必须谨慎地解释。这些发现减少了心理物理和神经生理学数据之间关于一阶和二阶刺激的明显不一致。
Task irrelevant backgrounds of adapting and test stimuli influence tilt aftereffect. Matched backgrounds enable transfer from second to first-order orientations. Mismatched backgrounds reduce normally large, within-order aftereffects. This background similarity effect is robust for weak foreground orientations. Null aftereffect in many studies may be partially caused by a background mismatch. A wealth of studies has found that adapting to second-order visual stimuli has little effect on the perception of first-order stimuli. This is physiologically and psychologically troubling, since many cells show similar tuning to both classes of stimuli, and since adapting to first-order stimuli leads to aftereffects that do generalize to second-order stimuli. Focusing on high-level visual stimuli, we recently proposed the novel explanation that the lack of transfer arises partially from the characteristically different backgrounds of the two stimulus classes. Here, we consider the effect of stimulus backgrounds in the far more prevalent, lower-level, case of the orientation tilt aftereffect. Using a variety of first- and second-order oriented stimuli, we show that we could increase or decrease both within- and cross-class adaptation aftereffects by increasing or decreasing the similarity of the otherwise apparently uninteresting or irrelevant backgrounds of adapting and test patterns. Our results suggest that similarity between background statistics of the adapting and test stimuli contributes to low-level visual adaptation, and that these backgrounds are thus not discarded by visual processing but provide contextual modulation of adaptation. Null cross-adaptation aftereffects must also be interpreted cautiously. These findings reduce the apparent inconsistency between psychophysical and neurophysiological data about first- and second-order stimuli.
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影响因子：
56.9
作者：
ALBRIGHT, TD
通讯作者：
ALBRIGHT, TD
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0605358104
发表时间：
2006-12-19
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Ng, Minna;Ciaramitaro, Vivian M.;Fine, Ione
通讯作者：
Fine, Ione
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Fox, Christopher J.;Barton, Jason J. S.
通讯作者：
Barton, Jason J. S.
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Sheth, BR;Sharma, J;Sur, M
通讯作者：
Sur, M
影响因子：
--
作者：
Pelli, DG
通讯作者：
Pelli, DG