Stress-Induced Cortisol Level Elevations Are Associated With Reduced Negative Affect After Stress: Indications for a Mood-Buffering Cortisol Effect
Stress-Induced Cortisol Level Elevations Are Associated With Reduced Negative Affect After Stress: Indications for a Mood-Buffering Cortisol Effect
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DOI：
10.1097/psy.0b013e31823a4a25
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Wolf, Oliver T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Het, Serkan;Schoofs, Daniela;Wolf, Oliver T.
目的：压力与增加的负面影响和交感神经系统和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴的激活有关。然而，这些压力系统和负面影响之间的关系并不完全清楚。因此，我们研究了积极和消极的影响与唾液皮质醇和唾液β-淀粉酶（sAA）水平在一个大样本的参与者暴露于心理社会压力或控制条件。方法：皮质醇和sAA水平从五个研究，总样本量为232名参与者进行了重新分析，采用分层线性模型。在这些研究中，我们测量了情感反应的特里尔社会压力测试（TSST）和它的控制条件（安慰剂TSST）的积极和消极的影响时间表。结果：在所有参与者中观察到皮质醇和负面情绪之间的负相关关系（beta（06）=-0.13，p = 0.002）。较高水平的负面影响与较低的平均皮质醇水平后10分钟的TSST或控制条件。当分别检测两种条件时，强制降解条件下的效应显著（β（06）=-0.05，p = 0.02），但对照条件下的效应不显著（β（06）=-0.0008，p 9.05）。与皮质醇的结果相反，在应激条件下，sAA和负面情绪之间存在正相关关系（β（06）= 0.10，p = 0.005）。结论：目前的研究结果表明，皮质醇是与衰减的负面情绪唤醒在急性应激反应，而sAA水平似乎反映了负面情绪唤醒的程度。结合先前的药理学研究，这些数据似乎支持皮质醇的情绪缓冲作用的假设。
Objective: Stress is associated with increased negative affect and activation of the sympathetic nervous system and of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. However, the relationship between these stress systems and negative affect is incompletely understood. We therefore investigated positive and negative affects in relationship with salivary cortisol and salivary >-amylase (sAA) levels in a large sample of participants exposed to a psychosocial stressor or a control condition. Methods: Cortisol and sAA levels from five studies with a total sample size of 232 participants were reanalyzed using hierarchical linear modeling. In these studies, we measured affective responses to the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) and its control condition (placebo TSST) with the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule. Results: An inverse relationship between cortisol and negative affect was observed across all participants (beta(06) = -0.13, p =.002). Higher level of negative affect was associated with lower mean cortisol levels 10 minutes after the TSST or the control condition. When the two conditions were tested separately, the effect was significant in the stress condition (beta(06) = -0.05, p =.02) but not in the control condition (beta(06) = -0.0008, p 9.05). In contrast to the results for cortisol, a positive relationship was found between sAA and negative affect within the stress condition (beta(06) = 0.10, p =.005). Conclusions: The present findings suggest that cortisol is associated with an attenuated negative emotional arousal in response to acute stress, whereas sAA levels seem to reflect the degree of negative emotional arousal. Together with previous pharmacological studies, these data seem to support the hypothesis of mood-buffering effects of cortisol.