Vital Signs: Estimated Percentages and Numbers of Adults with Indications for Preexposure Prophylaxis to Prevent HIV Acquisition - United States, 2015
Vital Signs: Estimated Percentages and Numbers of Adults with Indications for Preexposure Prophylaxis to Prevent HIV Acquisition - United States, 2015
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DOI：
10.15585/mmwr.mm6446a4
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发表时间：
2015-11-27
影响因子：
33.9
通讯作者：
Valleroy, Linda A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smith, Dawn K.;Van Handel, Michelle;Valleroy, Linda A.
背景：2014年，美国约有40，000人接受了人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染的诊断。每日口服抗逆转录病毒药物的暴露前预防（PrEP）是一种新的、高效的干预措施，可以减少新的HIV感染人数。方法：CDC分析了全国代表性数据，以估计美国按传播风险组划分的人群的百分比和人数，PrEP的适应症与2014年美国公共卫生服务局的PrEP临床实践指南一致。大约24.7%的性活跃成年男性与男性发生性关系（MSM）（492，000人[95%置信区间{CI} = 212，000 - 772，0001），18.5%的注射吸毒者（115，000 [CI = 45，000 - 185，000]），0.4%的异性性活跃成年人（624，000 [CI = 404，000 - 846，000]），具有获得与PrEP适应症一致的HIV的实质性风险。根据目前的指导方针，许多男男性行为者，注射毒品的人，和异性恋活跃的成年人都有PrEP的适应症。男男性行为者和注射毒品的人比异性恋活跃的成年人有PrEP的适应症的比例更高，这与这些人群中新的艾滋病毒诊断的分布一致。
Background: In 2014, approximately 40,000 persons in the United States received a diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with daily oral antiretroviral medication is a new, highly effective intervention that could reduce the number of new HIV infections.Methods: CDC analyzed nationally representative data to estimate the percentages and numbers of persons in the United States, by transmission risk group, with indications for PrEP consistent with the 2014 U.S. Public Health Service's PrEP clinical practice guideline.Results: Approximately 24.7% of sexually active adult men who have sex with men (MSM) (492,000 [95% confidence interval {CI} = 212,000-772,0001), 18.5% of persons who inject drugs (115,000 [CI = 45,000-185,000]), and 0.4% of heterosexually active adults (624,000 [CI = 404,000-846,000]), had substantial risks for acquiring HIV consistent with PrEP indications.Conclusions: Based on current guidelines, many MSM, persons who inject drugs, and heterosexually active adults have indications for PrEP. A higher percentage of MSM and persons who inject drugs have indications for PrEP than heterosexually active adults, consistent with distribution of new HIV diagnoses across these populations.