Extended Reconstructed Sea Surface Temperature Version 4 (ERSST.v4). Part I: Upgrades and Intercomparisons
Extended Reconstructed Sea Surface Temperature Version 4 (ERSST.v4). Part I: Upgrades and Intercomparisons
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DOI：
10.1175/jcli-d-14-00006.1
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发表时间：
2015-02-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Zhang, Huai-Min
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Huang, Boyin;Banzon, Viva F.;Zhang, Huai-Min
全球 2 度 x 2 度网格上提供的每月扩展重建海面温度 (ERSST) 数据集已从 v3b 修订为版本 4 (v4)。主要修订包括国际综合海洋大气数据集 (ICOADS) 2.5 版的更新且更加完整的输入数据；修订了经验正交遥相关 (EOT) 和 EOT 接受标准；更新了海面温度（SST）质量控制程序；修订了海温异常（SSTA）评估方法；使用哈德利中心夜间海洋气温数据集版本 2 (HadNMAT2) 更新了船舶 SST 的偏差调整；测试表明，ERSST.v4 中船舶 SST 偏差调整的修订影响在所有修订和更新中占主导地位。其效果是使 ERSST.v4 中的 30 度以北的海表温度比 1940 年之前的 ERSST.v3b 中的 30 度以北的温度低 0.1 度 - 0.2 度，但在南纬 30 度以南的海表温度比 1940 年之前的 ERSST.v3b 的温度高 0.1 度 - 0.2 度。与气象局海表温度产品[哈德利中心海表温度数据集，版本 3 (HadSST3)] 相比，ERSST.v4 中的船舶海表温度偏差调整为1940年之前以及1945年至1970年间，热带地区温度降低了0.1°C至0.2°C，但中纬度海洋温度升高了0.1°C至0.2°C。比较突出了ERSST.v4、ERSST.v3b、HadSST3和基于百年观测的海表温度估计之间的长期海表温度趋势和十年时间尺度的海表温度变化的差异版本2（COBE-SST2），这很大程度上与这些SST产品中偏置调整的差异有关。测试还表明，与 v3b 相比，ERSST.v4 中的海温异常可以更好地代表 1940 年之前观测稀疏时的厄尔尼诺/拉尼娜行为。比较表明，ERSST.v4 中的海温与其他类似海温分析一样接近卫星观测。
The monthly Extended Reconstructed Sea Surface Temperature (ERSST) dataset, available on global 2 degrees x 2 degrees grids, has been revised herein to version 4 (v4) from v3b. Major revisions include updated and substantially more complete input data from the International Comprehensive Ocean Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS) release 2.5; revised empirical orthogonal teleconnections (EOTs) and EOT acceptance criterion; updated sea surface temperature (SST) quality control procedures; revised SST anomaly (SSTA) evaluation methods; updated bias adjustments of ship SSTs using the Hadley Centre Nighttime Marine Air Temperature dataset version 2 (HadNMAT2); and buoy SST bias adjustment not previously made in v3b.Tests show that the impacts of the revisions to ship SST bias adjustment in ERSST.v4 are dominant among all revisions and updates. The effect is to make SST 0.1 degrees-0.2 degrees C cooler north of 30 degrees S but 0.1 degrees-0.2 degrees C warmer south of 30 degrees S in ERSST.v4 than in ERSST.v3b before 1940. In comparison with the Met Office SST product [the Hadley Centre Sea Surface Temperature dataset, version 3 (HadSST3)], the ship SST bias adjustment in ERSST.v4 is 0.1 degrees-0.2 degrees C cooler in the tropics but 0.1 degrees-0.2 degrees C warmer in the midlatitude oceans both before 1940 and from 1945 to 1970. Comparisons highlight differences in long-term SST trends and SSTA variations at decadal time scales among ERSST.v4, ERSST.v3b, HadSST3, and Centennial Observation-Based Estimates of SST version 2 (COBE-SST2), which is largely associated with the difference of bias adjustments in these SST products. The tests also show that, when compared with v3b, SSTAs in ERSST.v4 can substantially better represent the El Nino/La Nina behavior when observations are sparse before 1940. Comparisons indicate that SSTs in ERSST.v4 are as close to satellite-based observations as other similar SST analyses.