Hydrospheric modulation of stress and seismicity on shallow faults in southern Alaska

Hydrospheric modulation of stress and seismicity on shallow faults in southern Alaska
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阿拉斯加南部浅断层应力和地震活动的水圈调制

DOI:
10.1016/j.epsl.2019.115904
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
5.3
通讯作者:
Bürgmann, Roland
Bürgmann, Roland
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Johnson, Christopher W.;Fu, Yuning;Bürgmann, Roland

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本文研究了阿拉斯加南部浅源(≤ 40 km)低震级(M≥ 2.0)地震活动在年水文循环中的季节变化。用时空流行型余震序列模型对地震活动性进行了聚类。消除余震序列可以详细调查地震率的变化,因为水,雪和冰负荷调制地壳应力全年。GRACE表面载荷来自JPL全球陆地和海洋质量浓度块(mascon)解。采用一维球形层状地球模型计算了10 km深度处的应力变化。为了评估10 kPa的诱导季节应力,我们使用> 30年的地震震源机制来约束构造背景应力场方向,并评估相对于主应力方向的季节应力变化。背景应力场被假定为控制断层的优选方向,并且应力扰动预计会增加或减少断层上的地震活动。相对于离散应力间隔的背景地震活动率,计算了超额地震的数量。结果表明,区域地震活动率增加了25%,这与鼓励失败的年平均正应力,差应力和最小主压应力后的203个月的时滞相关。在这一区域范围的分析中没有观察到立即的地震率变化。与3个月的时间滞后的相关性表明,增加流动性的先存流体在孕震深度变化的孔隙压力断裂带内调制的地震活动率在整个季节性加载周期。
Abstract Shallow (≤ 40 km), low magnitude (M≥ 2.0) seismicity in southern Alaska is examined for seasonal variations during the annual hydrological cycle. The seismicity is declustered with a spatio-temporal epidemic type aftershock sequence model. The removal of aftershock sequences allows detailed investigation of seismicity rate changes as water, snow and ice loads modulate crustal stresses throughout the year. The GRACE surface loads are obtained from the JPL global land and ocean mass concentration blocks (mascon) solutions. The stress changes at a depth of 10 km are calculated using a 1D spherical layered Earth model. To evaluate the induced seasonal stresses of∼ 10 kPa, we use> 30 yr of earthquake focal mechanisms to constrain the tectonic background stress field orientation and assess the seasonal stress change with respect to the principal stress orientations. The background stress field is assumed to control the preferred orientation of faulting, and stress perturbations are expected to increase or decrease seismic activity on the faults. The number of excess earthquakes is calculated with respect to the background seismicity rates for discrete stress intervals. The results indicate a∼ 25% increase in regional seismicity rates that correlate with a∼ 3-month time lag following failure-encouraging annual mean-normal-stress, differential stress, and least principal compressive stress. No immediate earthquake rate variations are observed in this region-wide analysis. The correlation with a 3-month time lag suggests increased mobility of preexisting fluids at seismogenic depths is varying the pore pressure within fault zones to modulate the seismicity rates throughout the seasonal loading cycle.
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发表时间: 2019
影响因子: 5.2
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