Comparison of the antiemetic effect of high-dose intravenous metoclopramide and high-dose intravenous haloperidol in a randomized double-blind crossover study.
Comparison of the antiemetic effect of high-dose intravenous metoclopramide and high-dose intravenous haloperidol in a randomized double-blind crossover study.
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随机双盲交叉研究中大剂量静脉注射甲氧氯普胺和大剂量静脉注射氟哌啶醇的止吐效果比较。
DOI：
10.1200/jco.1984.2.7.782
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发表时间：
1984
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Krailo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Grunberg;K. Gala;M. Lampenfeld;D. Jamin;K. Johnson;P. Cariffe;D. Strych;M. Krailo
胃复安是一种有效的止吐药顺铂引起的呕吐时，给予胃肠外高剂量方案，但不是口服低剂量方案。甲氧氯普胺与氟哌啶醇进行了比较，氟哌啶醇也以高剂量胃肠外给药。患者接受两个周期的顺铂治疗，剂量大于或等于70 mg/m2。甲氧氯普胺（2毫克/公斤静脉注射），每两小时给药一次，共五次剂量，开始前一个半小时顺铂。按相同时间表给予氟哌啶醇（3 mg静脉注射）。采用随机双盲交叉设计控制主观偏倚，并比较同一患者的经验。28例患者完成了两个研究组。两种药物均实现了良好的呕吐控制。甲氧氯普胺导致1.92次呕吐事件（范围，0-5），36%没有呕吐。氟哌啶醇导致3.04次呕吐发作（范围，0-8次），20%无呕吐。甲氧氯普胺组的呕吐事件显著较少（rho = .006，配对符号检验）。然而，对两种药物的反应具有良好的相关性（斯皮尔曼rho = 0.39，P = 0.03）。甲氧氯普胺和氟哌啶醇都是很好的止吐药，如果通过有效途径给予足够的剂量。甲氧氯普胺确实显示出轻微的优势。然而，对这些药剂的反应的正相关性表明了共同的作用机制。识别相关止吐药的能力将有助于合理组合止吐治疗的设计。
Metoclopramide is an effective antiemetic for cisplatin-induced vomiting when given in parenteral high-dose regimens but not oral low-dose regimens. Metoclopramide was compared to haloperidol, also given in a high-dose parenteral regimen. Patients received two cycles of cisplatin at a dose greater than or equal to 70 mg/m2. Metoclopramide (2 mg/kg intravenous) was given every two hours for five doses beginning one half hour before cisplatin. Haloperidol (3 mg intravenous) was given on the same schedule. A randomized double-blind crossover design was used to control subjective bias and to compare the same patient's experiences. Twenty-eight patients completed both study arms. Excellent control of vomiting was achieved with both drugs. Metoclopramide resulted in 1.92 vomiting episodes (range, 0-5) with 36% having no vomiting. Haloperidol resulted in 3.04 vomiting episodes (range, 0-8) with 20% having no vomiting. Significantly fewer vomiting episodes were noted with metoclopramide rho = .006, paired sign test). However, responses to the two drugs were well correlated (Spearman's rho = .39, P = .03). Metoclopramide and haloperidol are both excellent antiemetics when given in sufficient dosage by an effective route. Metoclopramide does show a mild advantage. However, the positive correlation in response to these agents suggests a common mechanism of action. The ability to identify related antiemetics will be useful in the design of rational combination antiemetic therapy.
化疗患者预期恶心和呕吐的患病率和相关性。
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1982
期刊：
Journal of the National Cancer Institute
影响因子：
--
作者：
Morrow,GR
通讯作者：
Morrow,GR