Characteristics of novel psychoactive substance exposures reported to New York City Poison Center, 2011-2014.
Characteristics of novel psychoactive substance exposures reported to New York City Poison Center, 2011-2014.
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DOI：
10.3109/00952990.2015.1106551
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hoffman RS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Palamar JJ;Su MK;Hoffman RS
新型精神活性物质 (NPS) 正在以前所未有的速度出现。同样，近年来使用和中毒的流行率有所增加。比较 NPS 暴露和非 NPS 药物相关暴露的特征，并检查涉及合成大麻素受体激动剂 (SCRA) 和其他 NPS 的暴露之间是否存在差异。对纽约市和长岛五个县的毒物控制中心 2011 年至 2014 年的数据进行了检查。我们检查了 NPS 暴露（归类为故意滥用）的流行率和特征，并比较了涉及 SCRA 和其他 NPS 的病例特征。 2011 年 NPS 暴露发生率为 7.1%，2014 年上升至 12.6%。大多数暴露 (82.3%) 涉及 SCRA 使用。第二和第三最常见的类别是苯乙胺/合成卡西酮（“浴盐”；10.2%）和迷幻苯乙胺（4.3%）。与其他药物相关暴露（即涉及合法和非法药物）相比，使用 NPS 的人更有可能更年轻、男性，并且没有同时使用其他药物（ps < 0.001）。 SCRA 暴露量在 2014 年急剧增加，用户的平均年龄随着时间的推移而增加 (p < 0.01)。接触 SCRA 的女性比男性年轻 (p < 0.001)，并且在 2014 年，接触 SCRA 的个体比其他 NPS 的使用者更有可能报告同时使用酒精 (p = 0.010)。其他 NPS 使用者比 SCRA 使用者更有可能报告同时使用摇头丸/3,4-亚甲二氧基甲基苯丙胺 (MDMA)/“Molly”（p < 0.001）。向毒物中心报告的涉及 NPS 的接触量正在增加，其中大多数涉及 SCRA。这些发现应该为预防和减少伤害的方法提供信息。
Novel psychoactive substances (NPS) are emerging at an unprecedented rate. Likewise, prevalence of use and poisonings has increased in recent years. To compare characteristics of NPS exposures and non-NPS-drug-related exposures and to examine whether there are differences between exposures involving synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs) and other NPS. Poison control center data from the five counties of New York City and Long Island were examined from2011–2014. We examined prevalence and characteristics of NPS exposures (classified as intentional abuse) and compared characteristics of cases involving SCRAs and other NPS. Prevalence of NPS exposures was 7.1% in 2011, rising to 12.6% in 2014. Most exposures (82.3%) involved SCRA use. The second and third most prevalent classes were phenethylamines/synthetic cathinones (“bath salts”; 10.2%) and psychedelic phenethylamines (4.3%). Compared to other drug-related exposures (i.e. involving licit and illicit drugs), those who used NPS were more likely to be younger, male, and to have not co-used other drugs (ps < 0.001). SCRA exposures increased sharply in 2014 and the mean age of users increased over time (p < 0.01). Females exposed to SCRAs were younger than males (p < 0.001), and in 2014, individuals exposed to SCRAs were more likely to report concomitant use of alcohol than users of other NPS (p = 0.010). Users of other NPS were more likely than SCRA users to report concomitant use of ecstasy/3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)/“Molly” (p < 0.001). Exposures reported to the poison center that involve NPS are increasing and the majority involve SCRAs. These findings should inform prevention and harm reduction approaches.