When the pits fill up: (in)visible flows of waste in urban India
When the pits fill up: (in)visible flows of waste in urban India
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DOI：
10.2166/washdev.2019.153
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发表时间：
2019-06-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Ray, Isha
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Prasad, C. S. Sharada;Ray, Isha
印度卫生和个人卫生的旗舰项目--斯瓦赫·巴拉特使命--旨在消除露天排便和管理城市垃圾，以实现“清洁印度”的目标。马桶坑的清空和废物的运输就像更多的厕所对于可持续的卫生设施一样重要。在全球南方未铺设下水道的城市，这些服务主要由私人经营的清洁卡车提供。我们发现，组织这些服务的物理和社会机制实际上在国家粪便污泥和废物管理政策中是看不见的。基于印度班加罗尔清洁卡车的丰富民族志，我们表明，卡车运输作业处理污泥的方式损害了公众健康和环境，环卫工作的种姓构成有助于使官员和公众看不见它。我们利用厌恶的社会角色这一概念来解释这些卡车的看不见的本质。“亲眼目睹”实际的污泥管理，对于了解卫生城市是如何产生的以及未来卫生改革的成功至关重要。
India's flagship program on sanitation and hygiene - the Swachh Bharat Mission - aims to eliminate open defecation and to manage urban waste for a 'Clean India'. The emptying of toilet pits and the transport of waste are as critical as more toilets are for sustainable sanitation. In unsewered cities of the global South, these services are mainly provided by privately run cleaning trucks. We find that the physical and social mechanisms through which these services are organized are virtually invisible in national fecal sludge and waste management policies. Based on a rich ethnography of cleaning trucks in Bangalore, India, we show that trucking operations dispose of sludge in ways that harm both public health and the environment, and that the caste composition of sanitation work helps to keep it invisible from officials and the public. We draw on the concept of the social role of disgust to explain the seen-and-unseen nature of these trucks. 'Seeing' sludge management as it is practiced is essential for understanding how the sanitary city is being produced and for the success of future sanitation reforms.