The persistent use of negative affect by anxious individuals to estimate risk
The persistent use of negative affect by anxious individuals to estimate risk
复制标题
DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.74.5.1350
复制
发表时间：
1998-05-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Clore, GL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gasper, K;Clore, GL
三个实验研究了特质焦虑如何影响个体对状态焦虑经验与风险判断相关性的假设。实验1发现，归因于状态焦虑的判断无关的来源降低了低，但不是高，特质焦虑的个人的风险估计。实验二的结果表明，只有当状态情感与被试的特质情感不一致时，归因操作才能降低状态情感对判断的影响。实验3表明，这些影响可以控制明确操纵参与者的假设，他们的感情的相关性。无论特质焦虑水平如何，当事实而非感觉被假定为判断的相关基础时，归因都能有效地降低情绪效应。总体而言，结果表明，特质一致的影响更容易被假定为是信息，因此更有可能依赖于比特质不一致的影响。
Three experiments investigated how trait anxiety would influence individuals' assumptions about the relevance of their experiences of state anxiety for judgments of risk. Experiment 1 found that attributions of state anxiety to a judgment-irrelevant source reduced the risk estimates of low, but not of high, trait-anxious individuals. The results of Experiment 2 suggest that attribution manipulations reduce the influence of state affect on judgment only when the state affect is inconsistent with participants' trait affect. Experiment 3 revealed that these effects can be controlled by explicitly manipulating participants assumptions about the relevance of their feelings. Regardless of the level of trait anxiety, attributions were effective at reducing mood effects when facts, but not feelings, were assumed to be the relevant basis for judgment. Overall, the results suggest that trait-consistent affect is more readily assumed to be informative and hence is more likely to be relied on than trait-inconsistent affect.