The Effects of Exposure to Violence on Aggressive Behavior: The Case of Arab and Jewish Children in Israel
The Effects of Exposure to Violence on Aggressive Behavior: The Case of Arab and Jewish Children in Israel
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接触暴力对攻击行为的影响：以以色列的阿拉伯和犹太儿童为例
DOI：
10.2139/ssrn.2708492
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Khalil Shikaki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Landau;S. Dvir;Rowell Huesmann;E. Dubow;P. Boxer;Jeremy Ginges;Khalil Shikaki
家庭、社区和同侪群体中遭受暴力对青春期前和青少年的影响已得到广泛研究。然而，人们对政治冲突和暴力对儿童和青少年的影响知之甚少。文献特别缺乏评估这些最后影响的研究，同时控制其他情况下的暴力暴露。本研究评估了家庭、学校、邻里和政治冲突这四种社会生态环境中暴力对以色列儿童攻击性的累积影响。针对以色列的两个主要族裔社区：犹太人和阿拉伯人，分别分析了在这些环境中遭受暴力的影响。我们检查了通过与儿童和家长进行面对面访谈收集的数据，这两个样本来自 2007 年的 450 名二人组，其中包括三个年龄组的儿童——8 岁、11 岁和 14 岁。我们测试了暴露于每种类型的暴力对攻击行为的影响，同时控制了各种个人和人口统计协变量。尽管以色列的阿拉伯儿童和犹太儿童都报告说，他们相当多地遭受各种类型的政治暴力，但犹太儿童遭受政治暴力（所有类型）的机会要大得多。另一方面，阿拉伯儿童面临更多的社区和家庭冲突和暴力。在这两个族裔群体中，接触政治暴力和其他生态环境中的暴力对儿童攻击性的影响比其人口特征更大。性别是这两个群体中唯一重要的人口变量，而父母的收入仅对犹太儿童的攻击性产生（负面）影响。该研究强调了政治冲突和暴力对阿拉伯和犹太以色列儿童的攻击性产生的有害影响。
The impact of exposure to violence in the context of families, neighborhoods, and peer groups on pre-adolescents and adolescents has been widely studied. However, very little is known on the effect of exposure to political conflict and violence on children and youth. The literature is specially lacking studies assessing these last effects while controlling for exposure to violence in other contexts. This study evaluates the cumulative impact on Israeli children’s aggression of exposure to violence in four social ecological settings: family, school, neighborhood and political conflicts. The effects of exposure to violence in these settings were analyzed separately for the two major ethnic communities in Israel: Jewish and Arab. We examine data collected using face-to-face interviews with children and parents, from the two samples, each of 450 dyads with three age cohorts of children – 8 year olds, 11 year olds, and 14 year olds in 2007. We test the effect of exposure to each type of violence on aggressive behavior while controlling for a variety of personal and demographic covariates. Though both Israeli Arab and Jewish children report considerable exposure to various types of political violence, Jewish children were significantly more exposed to political violence (all types). On the other hand, Arab children were exposed to more community and family conflict and violence. In both ethnic groups, exposure to political violence and to violence in the other ecological contexts had a greater effect on children's aggression than did their demographic characteristics. Gender was the only significant demographic variable in both groups, and parents' income affected (negatively) only Jewish children's aggression. The study highlights the detrimental impact of exposure to political conflict and violence on both Arab and Jewish Israeli children's aggression.