Physical environments of the Caribbean Sea
Physical environments of the Caribbean Sea
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DOI：
10.4319/lo.2012.57.4.1233
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发表时间：
2012-07-01
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Hu, Chuanmin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chollett, Iliana;Mumby, Peter J.;Hu, Chuanmin
加勒比海有各种各样的自然环境条件，对生活在那里的生物有着深远的影响。在此，我们利用一系列卫星和现场产品对加勒比海的物理环境进行全区域分类。分类方法是分层的，重点关注驱动沿海生态许多方面的物理限制，包括物种分布、生态系统功能和干扰。第一级代表物理化学特性，包括卫星海洋表面温度、水透明度和原位盐度的指标。第二级考虑机械扰动，包括风驱波浪暴露的慢性扰动和飓风的急性扰动。地图的空间分辨率为1公里（2）。一个无监督的神经网络分类产生了16个物理化学省，可以分为六大类：（1）低水透明度和低盐度和平均温度;（2）低水透明度，但平均盐度和温度，广泛分布在盆地;（3）低盐度，但平均水透明度和温度;（4）上升流;（5）高纬度;（6）低盐度，但平均盐度和温度。及（6）内加勒比海的离岸沃茨。额外的机械干扰层施加额外的模式，在不同的空间尺度上运作。由于物理环境支持这么多的沿海生态系统的结构和功能，我们预计，佩奇分类，这将是自由分布的地理信息系统层，将促进比较分析，并告知在加勒比海盆地环境省份的分层研究。
The Caribbean Sea encompasses a vast range of physical environmental conditions that have a profound influence on the organisms that live there. Here we utilize a range of satellite and in situ products to undertake a region-wide categorization of the physical environments of the Caribbean Sea (PECS). The classification approach is hierarchical and focuses on physical constraints that drive many aspects of coastal ecology, including species distributions, ecosystem function, and disturbance. The first level represents physicochemical properties including metrics of satellite sea surface temperature, water clarity, and in situ salinity. The second level considers mechanical disturbance and includes both chronic disturbance from wind-driven wave exposure and acute disturbance from hurricanes. The maps have a spatial resolution of 1 km(2). An unsupervised neural network classification produced 16 physicochemical provinces that can be categorized into six broad groups: (1) low water clarity and low salinity and average temperatures; (2) low water clarity but average salinity and temperature, broadly distributed in the basin; (3) low salinity but average water clarity and temperature; (4) upwelling; (5) high latitude; and (6) offshore waters of the inner Caribbean. Additional mechanical disturbance layers impose additional pattern that operates over different spatial scales. Because physical environments underpin so much of coastal ecosystem structure and function, we anticipate that the PECS classification, which will be freely distributed as geographic information system layers, will facilitate comparative analyses and inform the stratification of studies across environmental provinces in the Caribbean basin.