Microevolution and history of the plague bacillus, Yersinia pestis
Microevolution and history of the plague bacillus, Yersinia pestis
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0408026101
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发表时间：
2004-12-21
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Keim, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Achtman, M;Morelli, G;Keim, P
历史上的鼠疫大流行与鼠疫耶尔森氏菌的关联仍然存在争议，部分原因是这种很大程度上单形细菌的进化历史尚不清楚。因此，通过三种不同的多位点分子方法研究了鼠疫耶尔森氏菌的微进化，针对全基因组同义 SNP、串联重复数量的变化以及 IS100 插入元件的插入。这三种方法识别了八个种群，我们为这些种群提出了一个以假结核耶尔森氏菌为基础的进化树。这棵树引发了数千年的微进化，在此期间，地方性瘟疫分离株不断进化。这个初始阶段之后是 6,500 年前的二元分裂，这导致了与人类疾病更频繁相关的种群。这些群体并不直接对应于基于表型特性的经典生物变型。因此，我们建议今后分组应基于分子特征。这里推断的鼠疫耶尔森氏菌的年龄与历史上大流行鼠疫的日期一致。然而，现在推断任何现代分子群与 20 世纪之前发生的特定大流行浪潮之间的关联还为时过早。
The association of historical plague pandemics with Yersinia pestis remains controversial, partly because the evolutionary history of this largely monomorphic bacterium was unknown. The microevolution of Y. pestis was therefore investigated by three different multilocus molecular methods, targeting genomewide synonymous SNPs, variation in number of tandem repeats, and insertion of IS100 insertion elements. Eight populations were recognized by the three methods, and we propose an evolutionary tree for these populations, rooted on Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. The tree invokes microevolution over millennia, during which enzootic pestoides isolates evolved. This initial phase was followed by a binary split 6,500 years ago, which led to populations that are more frequently associated with human disease. These populations do not correspond directly to classical biovars that are based on phenotypic properties. Thus, we recommend that henceforth groupings should be based on molecular signatures. The age of Y. pestis inferred here is compatible with the dates of historical pandemic plague. However, it is premature to infer an association between any modern molecular grouping and a particular pandemic wave that occurred before the 20th century.