Achieving the potential of HIV prevention interventions: critical global need for collaborative dissemination efforts.
Achieving the potential of HIV prevention interventions: critical global need for collaborative dissemination efforts.
复制标题
发挥艾滋病毒预防干预措施的潜力：全球迫切需要合作传播工作。
DOI：
10.1097/qad.0b013e328312c76a
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fisher,JeffreyD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Norton,WynneE;Fisher,WilliamA;Fisher,JeffreyD
自艾滋病流行以来，已有超过 2500 万人死于艾滋病[1]，全世界估计有 3300 万人感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病[1]。每天，超过 5700 人死于艾滋病[1]，大约有 6800 人新感染艾滋病毒[1]。在缺乏有效的艾滋病毒预防疫苗的情况下，并且考虑到疫苗开发的重大挫折[2]，目前抗击该流行病的最佳手段是广泛实施有效的艾滋病毒预防干预措施[3]，包括以医学为重点的干预措施（例如，包皮环切术和抗逆转录病毒药物以预防垂直传播）和以行为为重点的干预措施（例如，增加安全套使用的干预措施、艾滋病毒检测和更安全的注射吸毒做法）。迄今为止，医学、行为和社会科学家投入了大量的时间和资源，使用一系列干预方法和干预实施方法，为一系列人群和预防环境制定基于证据的艾滋病毒预防干预措施[4]。尽管取得了这些进展，但有效的艾滋病毒预防干预措施的广泛应用仍然很少。全球范围内相当多的艾滋病毒感染和艾滋病死亡是由于艾滋病毒预防服务不足造成的，而不是由于预防领域缺乏重要突破[5]。数学建模技术已经确定了具有成本效益甚至节省成本的循证医疗和行为干预措施，能够避免数百万新的艾滋病毒感染[5]。然而，如果我们不立即采取行动广泛传播这些有效的艾滋病毒预防干预措施，我们将无法防止大量死亡。
Since the beginning of the epidemic, more than 25 million people have died from AIDS [1], and an estimated 33 million individuals are living with HIV/AIDS worldwide [1]. Every day, over 5700 individuals die from AIDS [1], and approximately 6800 people become newly infected with HIV [1]. In the absence of an effective HIV prevention vaccine, and in light of substantial vaccine-development setbacks [2], the current best means for combating the epidemic is widespread implementation of effective HIV prevention interventions [3], including those that are medically focused (eg, circumcision and antiretrovirals for prevention of vertical transmission) and those that are behaviorally focused (eg, interventions to increase condom use, HIV testing, and safer injection drug use practices). To date, medical, behavioral, and social scientists have dedicated a tremendous amount of time and resources to develop evidence-based HIV prevention interventions for a range of populations and prevention settings, using an array of intervention approaches and intervention delivery methods [4].Despite such advances, widespread application of effective HIV prevention interventions has been minimal. A considerable number of HIV infections and AIDS deaths worldwide are a result of inadequate access to HIV prevention services rather than the lack of important breakthroughs in the prevention field [5]. Mathematical modeling techniques have identified cost-effective and even cost-saving evidence-based medical and behavioral interventions with the ability to avert millions of new HIV infections [5]. However, we will fail to prevent a significant number of deaths if we do not take immediate action toward disseminating these effective HIV prevention interventions widely.