Multiscale, radially anisotropic shear wave imaging of the mantle underneath the contiguous United States through joint inversion of USArray and global data sets

Multiscale, radially anisotropic shear wave imaging of the mantle underneath the contiguous United States through joint inversion of USArray and global data sets
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通过 USArray 和全球数据集的联合反演,对美国本土下方的地幔进行多尺度、径向各向异性剪切波成像

DOI:
10.1093/gji/ggab185
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
2.8
通讯作者:
Auer, Ludwig
Auer, Ludwig
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Porritt, Robert W;Becker, Thorsten W;Boschi, Lapo;Auer, Ludwig

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EarthScope的美国阵列地震组件提供了对毗邻美国的前所未有的覆盖,因此推动了层析成像和地球动力学建模方面的重大进展。在这里,我们提出了一个新的全球径向各向异性剪切波速度层析成像模型,以研究上地幔结构和北美板块动力学,重点是毗邻的美国。该模型使用数据自适应网格和面波和体波的旅行时来约束地壳和地幔的结构,以便与现有模型所提供的相比,获得更一致的地下表示。得到的模型在最大尺度上与以前的全球模型大体一致,但在毗邻的美国下有很大的不同,在那里我们可以实现更高的分辨率。在这些区域尺度上,新模型包含的短波距异常与仅由美国国家天文台阵列数据得出的区域模型一致。我们利用该模型探索了俯冲法拉隆板块的几何形状、美国中部和东部上地幔高速异常的存在和低速带的存在,并评估了科迪勒拉的动态地形模型。我们的模型显示了与法拉隆板块相关的单一的、浅倾斜的、不连续的板层,但仍然存在成像挑战。由新模式推断的动态地形既捕捉到了全球模式中常见的长波异常,也捕捉到了区域模式中明显的短波异常。因此,我们的模型在全球模型提供的适当上地幔背景下弥合了高分辨率区域模型之间的差距,这对于理解大陆动力学中的许多基本问题是至关重要的。
EarthScope's USArray seismic component provided unprecedented coverage of the contiguous United States and has therefore spurred significant advances in tomographic imaging and geodynamic modelling. Here, we present a new global, radially anisotropic shear wave velocity tomography model to investigate upper mantle structure and North American Plate dynamics, with a focus on the contiguous United States. The model uses a data-adaptive mesh and traveltimes of both surface waves and body waves to constrain structure in the crust and mantle in order to arrive at a more consistent representation of the subsurface compared to what is provided by existing models. The resulting model is broadly consistent with previous global models at the largest scales, but there are substantial differences under the contiguous United States where we can achieve higher resolution. On these regional scales, the new model contains short wavelength anomalies consistent with regional models derived from USArray data alone. We use the model to explore the geometry of the subducting Farallon Slab, the presence of upper mantle high velocity anomalies, low velocity zones in the central and eastern United States and evaluate models of dynamic topography in the Cordillera. Our models indicate a single, shallowly dipping, discontinuous slab associated with the Farallon Plate, but there are remaining imaging challenges. Inferring dynamic topography from the new model captures both the long-wavelength anomalies common in global models and the short-wavelength anomalies apparent in regional models. Our model thus bridges the gap between high-resolution regional models within the proper uppermost mantle context provided by global models, which is crucial for understanding many of the fundamental questions in continental dynamics.
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