Effects of nitrogen level on structure and physicochemical properties of rice starch
Effects of nitrogen level on structure and physicochemical properties of rice starch
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.foodhyd.2016.09.042
复制
发表时间：
2017-02
影响因子：
10.7
通讯作者：
D. Zhu;Hong-cheng Zhang;B. Guo;Ke Xu;Q. Dai;Cunxu Wei;Guisheng Zhou;Zhong-yang Huo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Zhu;Hong-cheng Zhang;B. Guo;Ke Xu;Q. Dai;Cunxu Wei;Guisheng Zhou;Zhong-yang Huo
施氮是影响水稻生长、产量和籽粒品质的重要农艺措施。研究了不同氮肥水平（0、150和300 kg/ hm2）下2个水稻品种1年内的理化特性和结构变化。施氮量的增加使淀粉颗粒尺寸减小。高氮水平下的颗粒表面比无氮和中氮水平下的颗粒表面更不均匀，出现点蚀现象。表观直链淀粉含量随施氮水平的增加而降低。各氮水平的淀粉样品均符合a型结晶度特征。在高氮水平下观察到较高的相对结晶度。随着施氮量的增加，淀粉在短期尺度上有序度降低。在高氮水平下，淀粉样品具有较高的溶解度、溶解度、糊化焓、较低的糊化性能和糊化温度。研究结果表明，氮素水平对大米淀粉的结构和理化性质有显著影响，为淀粉在食品和非食品工业中的应用提供了参考。
Nitrogen application is an important agronomic measure affecting rice growth, yield and grain quality. This study investigated physicochemical properties and the structure of two rice varieties under three different nitrogen levels (0, 150 and 300 kg/ha) at one location in one year. The increasing nitrogen level decreased starch granule size. The granule surface at high nitrogen level was more uneven and pitting compared with non and medium nitrogen level. The apparent amylose content decreased with increasing nitrogen level. The starch samples of all nitrogen levels were in conformity with the characteristics of A-type crystallinity. High relative crystallinity was observed at the high nitrogen level. Starch had lower degree of order at short-rang scale with increasing nitrogen level. Starch samples at the high nitrogen level had higher swelling power and solubility, gelatinization enthalpy, lower pasting properties, gelatinization temperature. This study indicated that nitrogen level significantly affected the structure and physicochemical properties of rice starch, and would provide some information for applications of starch in food and non-food industries.