Large-vertebrate assemblages of primary and secondary forests in the Brazilian Amazon
Large-vertebrate assemblages of primary and secondary forests in the Brazilian Amazon
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巴西亚马逊原始和次生林的大型脊椎动物群落
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
C. Peres
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Luke Parry;J. Barlow;C. Peres
次生林占所有热带森林的40%，但很少有人知道它们是否适合作为昼夜大型哺乳动物和猎鸟的栖息地。对于在大片退化土地上发展的二次生长来说，情况尤其如此。我们解决这个问题，通过调查大型鸟类和哺乳动物的组合在巴西亚马逊东北部的Jarí地区的次生林的广泛补丁，比较物种丰富度和丰度对邻近的未受干扰的原始森林。我们在3个月的时间内进行了184公里的线样普查，发现尽管原始林和次生林的大型脊椎动物丰度相似，但物种组成却有很大不同。次生林支持高丰度的有蹄类浏览器（0.85对0.44个个体）。每10公里）和较小的身体灵长类动物（15.6对4.6个个体。与原始森林相比，每10公里。然而，大型的长尾灵长类动物缺席（黑蜘蛛猴）或在非常低的丰度（圭亚那红吼猴Alouatta macconelli）在次生林。与原始森林相比，次生林中大型食果/食草鸟类的丰度也较低（每10公里分别为22.6对37.1）。动物群组合似乎反映了食物资源的可用性。同时进行的植被调查表明，次生林有高水平的陆地和林下的浏览。水果生产主要限于先锋树，如Bellucia和Inga spp。虽然这些再生森林是大型哺乳动物和鸟类的重要栖息地，但它们在动物群丰富性方面受到限制，特别是大种子植物的传播者。
Secondary forests account for 40% of all tropical forests yet little is known regarding their suitability as habitat for diurnal large mammals and game birds. This is especially so for second-growth that develops on large areas of degraded land. We address this by investigating assemblages of large-bodied birds and mammals in extensive patches of secondary forest in the Jarí region of the north-eastern Brazilian Amazon, comparing species richness and abundance against that of adjacent undisturbed primary forests. We conducted 184 km of line-transect censuses over a period of 3 mo, and found that although primary and secondary forests held a similar abundance of large vertebrates, the species composition was very different. Secondary forests supported a high abundance of ungulate browsers (0.85 vs 0.44 indiv. per 10 km) and smaller-bodied primates (15.6 vs 4.6 indiv. per 10 km) compared with primary forests. However, large prehensile-tailed primates were absent (black spider monkey Ateles paniscus) or at very low abundance (Guyanan red howler monkey Alouatta macconelli) in secondary forest. The abundance of large frugivorous/granivorous birds was also low in secondary forests compared with primary forests (22.6 vs 37.1 individuals per 10 km, respectively). Faunal assemblages appear to reflect food resource availability. Concurrent vegetation surveys indicated that secondary forests had high levels of terrestrial and understorey browse. Fruit production was largely restricted to pioneer trees such as Bellucia and Inga spp. Although these regenerating forests were an important habitat for large mammals and birds, they were limited in terms of faunal richness, particularly dispersers of large-seeded plants.