N2O AND CH4 FLUXES IN SOIL INFLUENCED BY FERTILIZATION AND TRACTOR TRAFFIC
N2O AND CH4 FLUXES IN SOIL INFLUENCED BY FERTILIZATION AND TRACTOR TRAFFIC
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DOI：
10.1016/0038-0717(93)90202-m
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发表时间：
1993-05-01
影响因子：
9.7
通讯作者：
BAKKEN, LR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HANSEN, S;MAEHLUM, JE;BAKKEN, LR
通过田间试验，研究了不同施肥和土壤压实度条件下，施肥和拖拉机作业对农田土壤N2 O排放和CH 4吸收的影响。土壤是排水良好的桑迪壤土，轮作作物富含牧草和豆类。施肥处理为：NPK肥料（140 kg NH 4 NO3-N ha-1）;牛泥浆（CS）（189 kg总N ha-1），CS（81 kg总N ha-1）和未施肥处理。在施肥前不久，用拖拉机一轮接一轮地通过两次试验压实土壤。采用土壤覆盖法测定了土壤表面的气体通量。通过固定式土壤空气采样器对7-12 cm深度的土壤空气进行采样。土壤空气中的N2 O浓度在压实，NPK施肥的土壤比在任何其他处理高7倍以上。最大浓度（1900穆尔N2 O l-1）后不久，大雨期间观察。N_2O的累积排放量从NPK施肥处理（6月4日至7月8日）对应于5.3%的NH_4NO_3-N在压实的土壤，和3.9%的未压实的土壤。牛浆施肥相当于81公斤总氮公顷-1 N2 O排放相应的3.1%，在未压实的土壤和2.7%，压实的土壤中添加NH 4-N。牛粪水平的增加导致每公斤NH 4-N的N2 O排放量的减少。在未施肥和未压实的土壤中，累积的CH 4吸收（6月4日至7月8日）为9.7毫克CH 4 M-2。土壤压实使土壤含水量降低了52%，施肥平均降低了50%，土壤压实与施肥结合降低了78%。施用NH_4NO_3或牛粪也有类似的效果。
The effects of fertilization and tractor traffic on N2O emission and CH4 uptake in agricultural soil were studied in a field trial with different fertilization and soil compaction. The soil was a well-drained sandy loam and the crop rotation was rich in ley and legumes. The fertilization treatments were: NPK fertilizer (140 kg NH4NO3-N ha-1); cattle slurry (CS) (189 kg total N ha-1), CS (81 kg total N ha-1), and an unfertilized treatment. The soil was experimentally compacted by two passes with a tractor, wheel by wheel, shortly before fertilization. Gas fluxes at the soil surface were measured by the soil cover method. Soil air at a depth of 7-12 cm was sampled through stationary soil air samplers. Concentrations of N2O in soil air were more than seven times higher in compacted, NPK-fertilized soil than in any other treatments. Maximum concentrations (1900 mul N2O l-1) were observed shortly after periods with heavy rain. The accumulated N2O emissions from the NPK-fertilized treatment (4 June-8 July) corresponded to 5.3% of added NH4NO3-N in compacted soil, and 3.9% in uncompacted soil. Fertilization with cattle slurry equivalent to 81 kg total N ha-1 gave an N2O emission corresponding to 3.1% of added NH4-N in uncompacted soil and 2.7% in compacted soil. Increasing levels of cattle slurry resulted in a reduction in N2O emission per kg NH4-N added. The accumulated CH4 uptake (4 June-8 July) in the soil was 9.7 mg CH4 M-2 in unfertilized and uncompacted soil. It was reduced by 52% by soil compaction, 50% on average by fertilization and 78% by soil compaction and fertilization combined. Fertilization with NH4NO3 or cattle slurry resulted in similar effects.