Cognitive impulsivity in cocaine and heroin polysubstance abusers
Cognitive impulsivity in cocaine and heroin polysubstance abusers
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DOI：
10.1016/j.addbeh.2006.06.032
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发表时间：
2007-05-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Perez-Garcia, Miguel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Verdejo-Garcia, Antonio J.;Perales, Jose C.;Perez-Garcia, Miguel
理由：长期滥用精神活性物质会造成执行控制功能的严重缺陷。这些缺陷在与认知冲动相关的不同领域都很突出，包括反应抑制和决策。这些缺陷的程度和性质可能取决于滥用的主要物质。目的：分析可卡因和海洛因的戒断多物质滥用者（PSA）和健康参与者的反应抑制和决策表现。方法：我们使用单变量和多变量方差分析来比较可卡因和海洛因PSA和健康对照组在几种有效的反应抑制措施上的表现（Stroop，5位数测试和Go/No Go任务）和决策（爱荷华州赌博任务）。事后探索性分析的结果从去/不去任务进行检查的具体影响的任务切换模式的遗漏/委员会的错误在PSA groups.Results：COCOLENE，但不是海洛因PSA表现出显着的赤字在几个措施的反应抑制，相比，控制。在Go/No Go任务中，任务偶然性的恢复主要改变了可卡因PSA的委员会错误率和海洛因PSA的遗漏错误率。相比之下，可卡因和海洛因PSA表现出较差的性能上的决策controls.Conclusions：假设多物质参与的相关性，可卡因滥用似乎差异与运动冲动技能，而这两种物质似乎同样与无法决定有利的复杂的决策任务。可能的差异，这些药物的神经和心理影响进行了讨论。(c)2006爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Rationale: Chronic abuse of psychoactive substances produces significant deficits in executive control functions (ECF). These deficits are prominent in different domains associated with cognitive impulsivity, including response inhibition and decision-making. The extent and nature of these deficits may depend on the principal substance of abuse.Objectives: To analyse response inhibition and decision-making performance in abstinent polysubstance abusers (PSA) of cocaine and heroin, and healthy participants.Methods: We used univariate and multivariate analyses of variance to compare the performances of cocaine and heroin PSA and healthy controls on several well-validated measures of response inhibition (Stroop, 5-Digit Test and Go/No Go Task) and decision-making (Iowa Gambling Task). Post-hoc exploratory analyses of the results from the Go/No Go task were conducted to examine specific effects of task switching on the pattern of omission/ commission errors in the PSA groups.Results: Cocaine but not heroin PSA showed significant deficits on several measures of response inhibition, when compared to controls. Reversal of task contingencies in the Go/No Go task primarily altered the commission error rate in cocaine PSA, and the omission error rate in heroin PSA. In contrast, both cocaine and heroin PSA showed poorer performance on decision-making compared to controls.Conclusions: Assuming the relevance of polysubstance involvement, cocaine abuse seems to differentially correlate with motor impulsivity skills, while both substances seem to be equally linked to the inability to decide advantageously in complex decision-making tasks. Possible discrepancies in the neurological and psychological effects of these drugs are discussed. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.