The Impact of Looking Further Ahead: A Comparison of Two Data-driven Unsolicited Hint Types on Performance in an Intelligent Data-driven Logic Tutor
The Impact of Looking Further Ahead: A Comparison of Two Data-driven Unsolicited Hint Types on Performance in an Intelligent Data-driven Logic Tutor
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DOI：
10.1007/s40593-021-00237-3
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发表时间：
2021-02
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Christa Cody;Mehak Maniktala;Nicholas Lytle;Min Chi;T. Barnes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Christa Cody;Mehak Maniktala;Nicholas Lytle;Min Chi;T. Barnes
研究表明，对于缺乏在一个新领域解决问题所需的心理模型的新手来说，帮助可以提供许多好处。然而，实施了各种援助方法，如分目标和下一步提示，结果喜忧参半。下一步提示在数据驱动型教师中很常见，因为他们直接根据学生历史数据生成，以及研究显示对学生学习产生积极影响。然而，缺乏探索扩展数据驱动方法以提供更高级别帮助的可能性的研究。因此，我们修改了数据驱动的下一步提示生成器，以提供路点，即领先几步的提示，代表解决问题的子目标。我们假设，路点将使具有较高先前知识的学生受益，而下一步提示将使先前知识较少的学生受益最大。在这项研究中，我们调查了数据驱动的提示类型，路线点和下一步提示，对学生学习的影响，在逻辑证明辅导系统，深度思维，在一个离散的数学课程。我们发现，在后测的时间、效率和准确性方面，下一步提示对大多数学生都更有利。然而，成功使用路点的总数较高与后测中效率和时间的改善相关。这些结果表明，Waypoint提示可能是有益的，但可能需要更多的脚手架来帮助学生遵循它们。
Research has shown assistance can provide many benefits to novices lacking the mental models needed for problem solving in a new domain. However, varying approaches to assistance, such as subgoals and next-step hints, have been implemented with mixed results. Next-Step hints are common in data-driven tutors due to their straightforward generation from historical student data, as well as research showing positive impacts on student learning. However, there is a lack of research exploring the possibility of extending data-driven methods to provide higher-level assistance. Therefore, we modified our data-driven Next-Step hint generator to provide Waypoints, hints that are a few steps ahead, representing problem-solving subgoals. We hypothesized that Waypoints would benefit students with high prior knowledge, and that Next-Step hints would most benefit students with lower prior knowledge. In this study, we investigated the influence of data-driven hint type, Waypoints versus Next-Step hints, on student learning in a logic proof tutoring system, Deep Thought, in a discrete mathematics course. We found that Next-Step hints were more beneficial for the majority of students in terms of time, efficiency, and accuracy on the posttest. However, higher totals of successfully used Waypoints were correlated with improvements in efficiency and time in the posttest. These results suggest that Waypoint hints could be beneficial, but more scaffolding may be needed to help students follow them.