Human-Mediated Marine Dispersal Influences the Population Structure of Aedes aegypti in the Philippine Archipelago
Human-Mediated Marine Dispersal Influences the Population Structure of Aedes aegypti in the Philippine Archipelago
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pntd.0003829
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发表时间：
2015-06-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Minakawa, Noboru
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fonzi, Eugenio;Higa, Yukiko;Minakawa, Noboru
登革热病毒（DENV）在全球范围内是一个巨大的健康负担，但仍然缺乏有效的疫苗。菲律宾是登革热的地方病，但大量使用杀虫剂有利于其主要媒介埃及伊蚊产生抗药性突变。其他媒介控制策略包括在野外释放人工改良的蚊子，但了解其传播能力是成功实施的必要条件。尽管有证据表明Ae。埃及伊蚊可以被动地进行长距离运输，迄今为止还没有研究旨在了解人类海上运输是否能实质性地影响这种蚊子的迁徙模式。菲律宾有成千上万的岛屿，由密集的船只网络连接起来，是填补这一知识空白的理想环境。方法/主要调查结果从菲律宾中西部7个主要岛屿的15个海港收集了埃及伊蚊，并在7个微卫星位点进行了基因分型。遗传结构低，基因流动大。单因素和多因素回归分析表明，人为因素（特别是加工货物数量和人口密度）可以解释观察到的人口结构，而地理距离不相关。有趣的是，货物运输似乎比客轮运输效率更高。蚊。贝叶斯聚类证实Ae；来自繁忙港口的埃及伊蚊在基因上更相似，而来自闲置港口的种群相对结构化，无论它们之间的地理距离如何。结论/意义本研究结果证实了人类介导的海洋远距离传播在确定伊蚊种群结构中的关键作用。蚊。希望通过进一步的研究证实，本研究结果可以帮助设计更有效的病媒控制策略。
Background Dengue virus (DENV) is an extraordinary health burden on global scale, but still lacks effective vaccine. The Philippines is endemic for dengue fever, but massive employment of insecticides favored the development of resistance mutations in its major vector, Aedes aegypti. Alternative vector control strategies consist in releasing artificially modified mosquitos in the wild, but knowledge on their dispersal ability is necessary for a successful implementation. Despite being documented that Ae.aegypti can be passively transported for long distances, no study to date has been aimed at understanding whether human marine transportation can substantially shape the migration patterns of this mosquito. With thousands of islands connected by a dense network of ships, the Philippines is an ideal environment to fill this knowledge gap.Methodology/principal findings Larvae of Ae.aegypti from 15 seaports in seven major islands of central-western Philippines were collected and genotyped at seven microsatellite loci. Low genetic structure and considerable gene flow was found in the area. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses suggested that anthropic factors (specifically the amount of processed cargo and human population density) can explain the observed population structure, while geographical distance was not correlated. Interestingly, cargo shipments seem to be more efficient than passenger ships in transporting Ae. aegypti. Bayesian clustering confirmed that Ae. aegypti from busy ports are more genetically similar, while populations from idle ports are relatively structured, regardless of the geographical distance that separates them.Conclusions/significance The results confirmed the pivotal role of marine human-mediated long-range dispersal in determining the population structure of Ae. aegypti. Hopefully corroborated by further research, the present findings could assist the design of more effective vector control strategies.