ORIGIN AND BIOLOGY OF CANCER METASTASIS
ORIGIN AND BIOLOGY OF CANCER METASTASIS
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DOI：
10.1002/cyto.990100602
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发表时间：
1989-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
FIDLER, IJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
FIDLER, IJ
转移，即细胞从原发性肿瘤扩散到远处生长部位，导致大多数癌症患者死亡。转移过程不是随机的。相反，这个过程由一系列相互关联、连续的步骤组成，如果要发生转移，这些步骤必须由肿瘤细胞完成。因此，转移细胞必须成功侵入和栓塞，在循环中存活，滞留在远处的毛细血管床中，并外渗到器官实质中并在其中繁殖。尽管该过程中的某些步骤包含随机因素，但总体而言，转移有利于母体肿瘤内预先存在的一些细胞亚群的生存和生长。此外，转移可以具有克隆起源，并且不同的转移可以起源于单个细胞的增殖。转移的结果取决于转移细胞与不同器官环境的相互作用。器官特异性转移已在多种实验肿瘤系统中得到证实，甚至在一个器官内，也可以发现位点特异性的肿瘤生长。转移是一个高度选择性的过程，受到肿瘤细胞的内在特性和宿主因素的影响，这一结论是乐观的。选择性过程是受到调节的，因此可以被研究然后操纵。
Metastasis, the spread of cells from a primary neoplasm to distant sites where they grow, contributes to the death of most cancer patients. The process of metastasis is not random. Rather, the process consists of a series of linked, sequential steps that must be completed by tumor cells if a metastasis is to develop. Thus, metastatic cells must succeed in invasion and embolization, survive in the circulation, arrest in a distant capillary bed, and extravasate into and multiply in organ parenchyma. Although some of the steps in this process contain stochastic elements, as a whole metastasis favors the survival and growth of a few subpopulations of cells that preexist within the parent neoplasm. Moreover, metastases can have a clonal origin, and different metastases can originate from the proliferation of single cells. The outcome of metastasis depends on the interaction of metastatic cells with different organ environments. Organ‐specific metastases have been demonstrated in a variety of experimental tumor systems, and even within one organ, site‐specific tumor growth can be found.The conclusion that metastasis is a highly selective process that is influenced by both the intrinsic properties of tumor cells and by host factors is optimistic. A selective process is regulated and therefore can be studied and then manipulated.