Properties and dissemination of H5N1 viruses isolated during an influenza outbreak in migratory waterfowl in western China
Properties and dissemination of H5N1 viruses isolated during an influenza outbreak in migratory waterfowl in western China
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DOI：
10.1128/jvi.00110-06
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发表时间：
2006-06-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Kawaoka, Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, HL;Li, YB;Kawaoka, Y
H5N1甲型流感病毒在亚洲家禽中广泛分布，但直到最近，只有数量有限的野鸟受到影响。2005年4月下旬至6月，中国青海湖野生鸟类暴发H5N1病毒感染。在这里，我们描述这次疫情的特点。首先在斑头雁身上发现了这种疾病，很快就蔓延到了湖中的其他鸟类。对暴发期间不同时间收集的代表六种禽类的15种病毒进行的序列分析显示，有四种不同的H5N1基因类型。大多数分离株在PB2蛋白的627位含有赖氨酸，已知该残基与小鼠的毒力和对人类的适应有关。然而，这两种指标病毒都没有这种残留物。除了一种指数病毒外，所有测试的病毒对小鼠都是致病的。我们还测试了青海湖疫情期间分离的两种病毒和一种无关的鸭H5N1病毒在恒河猴身上的复制情况。青海湖病毒没有在这些动物身上有效复制，除了一过性发热外，没有其他疾病的证据，而鸭子病毒在多个器官复制，并导致呼吸道疾病的症状。重要的是，2005年8月后在蒙古、俄罗斯、内蒙古和辽宁省中国分离的H5N1病毒在基因上与青海疫情期间分离的一种基因类型密切相关，这表明该基因的优势性质，并强调需要在全球范围内进行密切监测，以将其破坏性后果降至最低。
H5N1 influenza A viruses are widely distributed among poultry in Asia, but until recently, only a limited number of wild birds were affected. During late April through June 2005, an outbreak of H5N1 virus infection occurred among wild birds at Qinghai Lake in China. Here, we describe the features of this outbreak. First identified in bar-headed geese, the disease soon spread to other avian species populating the lake. Sequence analysis of 15 viruses representing six avian species and collected at different times during the outbreak revealed four different H5N1 genotypes. Most of the isolates possessed lysine at position 627 in the PB2 protein, a residue known to be associated with virulence in mice and adaptation to humans. However, neither of the two index viruses possessed this residue. All of the viruses tested were pathogenic in mice, with the exception of one index virus. We also tested the replication of two viruses isolated during the Qinghai Lake outbreak and one unrelated duck H5N1 virus in rhesus macaques. The Qinghai Lake viruses did not replicate efficiently in these animals, producing no evidence of disease other than transient fever, while the duck virus replicated in multiple organs and caused symptoms of respiratory illness. Importantly, H5N1 viruses isolated in Mongolia, Russia, Inner Mongolia, and the Liaoning Province of China after August 2005 were genetically closely related to one of the genotypes isolated during the Qinghai outbreak, suggesting the dominant nature of this genotype and underscoring the need for worldwide intensive surveillance to minimize its devastating consequences.