Prevalence and risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder among chemically dependent adolescents.
Prevalence and risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder among chemically dependent adolescents.
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化学依赖性青少年创伤后应激障碍的患病率和危险因素。
DOI：
10.1176/ajp.154.6.752
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Buka,SL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Deykin,EY;Buka,SL
目的研究化学依赖青少年创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的患病率，并确定影响创伤后PTSD风险的因素。研究小组包括297名年龄在15-19岁的青少年，他们符合DSM-III-R酒精或其他药物依赖标准，并在马萨诸塞州7个公共资助的机构接受治疗。PTSD和其他I轴诊断通过诊断访谈表进行评估。风险因素的数据是通过一个特别构建的访谈时间表收集的。结果PTSD终生患病率为29.6%（男性24.3%，女性45.3%），当前患病率为19.2%（男性12.2%，女性40.0%）。这些患病率反映了创伤暴露的高发生率和经历过创伤的人的高发病率。创伤后应激障碍的风险随创伤的性质、创伤经历的次数、精神合并症和家族特征而变化。女性患创伤后应激障碍的比例较高是由于强奸的频率更高，这带来了患创伤后应激障碍的高风险，而且伴随疾病的比例也很高。结论这些药物依赖青少年的PTSD终生患病率是社区青少年样本报告的5倍。这一极高的发病率为PTSD与化学物质依赖之间的病因学联系提供了新的认识，并对其治疗具有启示意义。
ObjectiveThis study ascertained the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among chemically dependent adolescents and identified factors that influence the risk of PTSD after a qualifying trauma.MethodThe study group consisted of 297 adolescents aged 15–19 years who met the DSM-III-R criteria for dependence on alcohol or other drugs and who were receiving treatment in seven publicly funded Massachusetts facilities. PTSD and other axis I diagnoses were assessed by the Diagnostic Interview Schedule. Data on risk factors were collected by a specially constructed interview schedule.ResultsThe lifetime prevalence of PTSD was 29.6%(24.3% for males and 45.3% for females), and the current prevalence was 19.2%(12.2% for males and 40.0% for females). These prevalences reflect a high occurrence of traumatic exposures and a high case rate among those who experienced trauma. The risk of PTSD varied with the nature of the trauma, the number of traumas experienced, psychiatric comorbidity, and familial characteristics. The higher rate of PTSD among females was due to a greater frequency of rape, which carries a high risk of PTSD development, and to a high rate of comorbid conditions.ConclusionsThe lifetime prevalence of PTSD among these chemically dependent adolescents is five times that reported for a community sample of adolescents. This extremely high rate provides new understanding of the etiologic connection between PTSD and chemical dependence and has implications for their treatment.