Environmental change and economic development in coastal Peru between 5,800 and 3,600 years ago
Environmental change and economic development in coastal Peru between 5,800 and 3,600 years ago
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0812645106
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发表时间：
2009-02
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Sandweiss;R. Solís;M. Moseley;D. Keefer;C. Ortloff
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Sandweiss;R. Solís;M. Moseley;D. Keefer;C. Ortloff
约 5,800 至 3,600 卡血压之间西半球最大的建筑古迹和最大的定居点在苏佩山谷和邻近干旱的秘鲁海岸的沙漠流域蓬勃发展。密集的网捕鱼、灌溉果园和粮食匮乏的棉田成功地维持了几个世纪以来日益复杂的社会，而这些社会并不使用陶瓷或织布机。这种独特的社会经济适应突然被放弃，并逐渐被更加依赖粮食作物、陶器和编织的社会所取代。在此，我们回顾了距今 3,800 年前的严重自然灾害周期（地震、厄尔尼诺洪水、海滩山脊形成和沙丘入侵）的证据和论据。并假设随之而来的海洋和陆地环境的物理变化导致了早期苏佩定居点的消亡。
Between ≈5,800 and 3,600 cal B.P. the biggest architectural monuments and largest settlements in the Western Hemisphere flourished in the Supe Valley and adjacent desert drainages of the arid Peruvian coast. Intensive net fishing, irrigated orchards, and fields of cotton with scant comestibles successfully sustained centuries of increasingly complex societies that did not use ceramics or loom-based weaving. This unique socioeconomic adaptation was abruptly abandoned and gradually replaced by societies more reliant on food crops, pottery, and weaving. Here, we review evidence and arguments for a severe cycle of natural disasters—earthquakes, El Niño flooding, beach ridge formation, and sand dune incursion—at ≈3,800 B.P. and hypothesize that ensuing physical changes to marine and terrestrial environments contributed to the demise of early Supe settlements.