Interest group representation in the formal design of European Union agencies
Interest group representation in the formal design of European Union agencies
复制标题
欧盟机构正式设计中的利益集团代表
DOI：
10.1111/rego.12150
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Ixchel Pérez Durán
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ixchel Pérez Durán
本文探讨了将利益集团代表 (IGR) 纳入欧盟机构 (EA) 最重要决策机构的决定。研究表明，各机构之间存在相当大的差异：一些机构没有 IGR，另一些机构则制定了正式规则，明确了利益相关者之间的代表人数分配，而另一些机构则对每个团体应拥有的代表人数模糊不清。此外，利益集团代表在一些拥有IGR的机构中拥有投票权，而在另一些机构中他们只起到顾问的作用。本文确定了通常代表的三大类群体：资本代表（例如工业）、劳工代表（例如工会）和公民代表（例如非政府组织、消费者团体）。研究结果表明，信息机构比执行运营/管理任务的机构更有可能出现 IGR。研究结果还表明，欧洲议会参与选举区的设计更有可能导致利益相关者代表的规定。最后，欧洲食品安全局和欧洲工作安全与健康局的案例研究表明，利益团体可以通过推动欧盟机构将利益相关者代表纳入职业安全局来发挥重要作用。
This article examines the decision to include interest group representation (IGR) in the most important decisionmaking bodies of European Union agencies (EAs). The study shows that there is considerable variation among agencies: some agencies have no IGR, others have formal rules that establish a clear distribution of the number of representatives among stakeholders, while other agencies are ambiguous with regard to the number of representatives that each group should have. In addition, interest group representatives have the right to vote in some of the agencies with IGR, while in others they only have an advisory role. This article identifies three broad types of groups normally represented: representatives of capital (e.g. industry), representatives of labor (e.g. trade unions), and citizens' representatives (e.g. non-governmental organizations, consumer groups). The findings suggest that informative agencies are more likely to have IGR than agencies performing operational/management tasks. The findings also suggest that the involvement of the European Parliament in the design of EAs is more likely to lead to a provision for the representation of stakeholders. Finally, case studies of the European Food Safety Agency and the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work demonstrate that interest groups could play an important role by pushing European Union institutions to include stakeholder representatives in EAs.