Antibody escape, the risk of serotype formation, and rapid immune waning: Modeling the implications of SARS-CoV-2 immune evasion.
Antibody escape, the risk of serotype formation, and rapid immune waning: Modeling the implications of SARS-CoV-2 immune evasion.
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抗体逃逸，血清型形成的风险和快速免疫减弱：建模SARS-COV-2免疫逃避的含义。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0292099
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
随着 COVID-19 大流行的进展，SARS-CoV-2 的广泛社区传播迎来了一个病毒免疫逃避的动荡时代，而不是广受赞誉的“地方流行”或“群体免疫”的稳定性。此时，一系列病毒株已经使基本上所有单克隆抗体疗法都过时了，并严重削弱了疫苗免疫对 SARS-CoV-2 传播的影响。在这项工作中，我们证明，导致逃避预先存在的免疫力的抗体逃逸在进化上是高度有利的，并且可能导致短期传播浪潮。从长远来看，对先前存在的菌株产生弱交叉免疫的入侵菌株可能会与那些先前存在的菌株共同循环。这将导致血清型的形成，从而增加疾病负担，使 SARS-CoV-2 控制复杂化，并增加病毒毒力增加的可能性。不太持久的免疫力不会推动积极选择作为一种性状，但这些菌株一旦建立，可能会以高水平传播。总的来说，我们的结果引起了人们对毒株间交叉免疫作为传播趋势驱动因素的重要性的关注，以及早期免疫逃避数据对预测大流行轨迹的重要性。
As the COVID-19 pandemic progresses, widespread community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 has ushered in a volatile era of viral immune evasion rather than the much-heralded stability of “endemicity” or “herd immunity.” At this point, an array of viral strains has rendered essentially all monoclonal antibody therapeutics obsolete and strongly undermined the impact of vaccinal immunity on SARS-CoV-2 transmission. In this work, we demonstrate that antibody escape resulting in evasion of pre-existing immunity is highly evolutionarily favored and likely to cause waves of short-term transmission. In the long-term, invading strains that induce weak cross-immunity against pre-existing strains may co-circulate with those pre-existing strains. This would result in the formation of serotypes that increase disease burden, complicate SARS-CoV-2 control, and raise the potential for increases in viral virulence. Less durable immunity does not drive positive selection as a trait, but such strains may transmit at high levels if they establish. Overall, our results draw attention to the importance of inter-strain cross-immunity as a driver of transmission trends and the importance of early immune evasion data to predict the trajectory of the pandemic.