Attentional bias associated with alcohol cues: differences between heavy and occasional social drinkers
Attentional bias associated with alcohol cues: differences between heavy and occasional social drinkers
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DOI：
10.1007/s002130100764
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发表时间：
2001-08-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Duka, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Townshend, JM;Duka, T
理论基础：先前的研究表明，阿片成瘾者对与药物相关的刺激和焦虑症患者对具有情感威胁的词语存在注意力偏向。目的：本研究的主要目的是调查非依赖型重度社交饮酒者与一组偶尔社交饮酒者在对酒精相关刺激的选择性注意上是否存在差异。方法：在点探头检测任务中，使用与酒精相关的图片和文字来评估注意偏差。图片和单词对被呈现在视觉上，紧随其后的是一个圆点探头，取代了其中一个项目。专心的。偏差是根据对点探针的反应潜伏期来确定的。问卷被用来检验注意力、饮酒后的结果预期和人格特征之间的关系。高阶执行功能也被用两项认知任务--识别记忆和注意力转移--来衡量。结果：重度社交饮酒者与偶尔社交饮酒者相比，对酒精相关刺激表现出注意偏向。大量社交饮酒的人在社交和性方面的预期因素得分也更高，而在自我导向和坚持性的个性特征上得分较低。结论：本研究结果支持成瘾行为的认知理论，即药物相关刺激的注意力捕捉能力在药物依赖、渴求和复发中起一定作用。
Rationale: Previous research has shown an attentional bias toward drug-related stimuli in opiate addicts and toward emotionally threatening words in anxiety patients. Objective: The primary aim of this study was to investigate whether non-dependent heavy social drinkers would differ in their selective attention towards alcohol-related stimuli in comparison with a group of occasional social drinkers. Methods: Attentional bias was assessed using alcohol-related pictures and words in a dot probe detection task. Picture and word pairs were visually presented, followed by a dot probe that replaced one of the items. Attentional. bias was determined from latencies in responding to the dot probe. Questionnaires were used to examine the relationships among attention, outcome expectancies after alcohol consumption, and personality traits. Higher-order executive function was also measured with two cognitive tasks, recognition memory and attentional shift. Results: The heavy social drinkers showed an attentional bias towards the alcohol-related stimuli when compared to the occasional social drinkers. The heavy social drinkers also scored more highly on expectancy factors of sociability and sexuality and lower on the personality traits of self-directedness and persistence. Conclusion: The results support cognitive theories of addictive behaviour in which the ability of drug-related stimuli to capture attention is suggested to play a part in drug dependence, craving and relapse.