Intestinal dendritic cells: Their role in intestinal inflammation, manipulation by the gut microbiota and differences between mice and men
Intestinal dendritic cells: Their role in intestinal inflammation, manipulation by the gut microbiota and differences between mice and men
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DOI：
10.1016/j.imlet.2013.01.007
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发表时间：
2013-02-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Knight, Stella C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mann, Elizabeth R.;Landy, Jonathan D.;Knight, Stella C.
肠道免疫系统在抵抗入侵病原体的免疫原性与肠道微生物群和食物抗原的耐受性之间保持微妙的平衡。树突状细胞（DC）产生原代T细胞应答，并确定这些应答是免疫原性的还是致耐受性的。由于高抗原负荷，DC的调节作用在肠道中特别重要。肠道DC作为哨兵，采样潜在的致病性抗原，但也无害的抗原，包括肠道微生物群。在抗原获得后，肠DC迁移到次级淋巴器官以激活幼稚T细胞。DC还在它们刺激的T细胞上印记特定的归巢特性;肠道DC在激活时特异性地诱导T细胞上的肠道归巢特性，使T细胞能够迁移回到肠道部位。关于人类肠道DC特性的数据很少，尽管现在有证据支持DC在人类肠道免疫中的重要作用。在这里，我们回顾了肠道DC在塑造粘膜免疫反应和指导组织特异性T细胞反应中的作用，特别关注区分DC亚群和肠道部位巨噬细胞的重要性。我们将人类DC与小鼠DC进行比较和对比，并讨论肠道微生物群塑造肠道DC功能的能力，以及这在炎症性肠病（IBD）中可能失调。最后，我们描述了益生菌对肠道DC功能研究的最新进展，包括使用可溶性分泌细菌产物。(c)2013年由Elsevier B. V.出版
The intestinal immune system maintains a delicate balance between immunogenicity against invading pathogens and tolerance of the commensal microbiota and food antigens. Dendritic cells (DC) generate primary T-cell responses, and determine whether these responses are immunogenic or tolerogenic. The regulatory role of DC is of particular importance in the gut due to the high antigenic load. Intestinal DC act as sentinels, sampling potentially pathogenic antigens but also harmless antigens including the commensal microbiota. Following antigen acquisition, intestinal DC migrate to secondary lymphoid organs to activate naive T-cells. DC also imprint specific homing properties on T-cells that they stimulate; gut DC specifically induce gut-homing properties on T-cells upon activation, enabling T-cell migration back to intestinal sites. Data regarding properties on gut DC in humans is scarce, although evidence now supports the role of DC as important players in intestinal immunity in humans. Here, we review the role of intestinal DC in shaping mucosal immune responses and directing tissue-specific T-cell responses, with a special focus on the importance of distinguishing DC subsets from macrophages at intestinal sites. We compare and contrast human DC with their murine counterparts, and discuss the ability of the gut microbiota to shape intestinal DC function, and how this may be dysregulated in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Lastly, we describe recent advances in the study of probiotics on intestinal DC function, including the use of soluble secreted bacterial products. (c) 2013 Published by Elsevier B.V.