Translational Implications of Platelets as Vascular First Responders.
Translational Implications of Platelets as Vascular First Responders.
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DOI：
10.1161/circresaha.117.310939
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发表时间：
2018-02-02
影响因子：
20.1
通讯作者：
Smyth SS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Becker RC;Sexton T;Smyth SS
血小板在正常止血中发挥着至关重要的作用，通过束缚和粘附到损伤部位、招募其他血小板和血细胞形成血栓、释放血管活性小分子和蛋白质、以严格调控的时间和空间方式组装和激活血浆凝固蛋白，从而阻止血管损伤部位失血。与特定的凝血最终产物（主要是交联纤维蛋白）同步，稳定的血栓迅速形成。除了生理性止血和病理性血栓形成之外，新出现的证据支持血小板在血管稳态、炎症、细胞修复、再生以及广泛的自分泌和旁分泌功能中发挥着关键作用。从本质上讲，血小板作为报告者、信使和主动转运蛋白发挥着结构和功能作用，调查脉管系统以寻找环境和/或发育刺激的线索，并作为第一反应者参与其中。在这篇综述中，我们将提供血小板生理学的当代视角，包括直接应用于人类健康和疾病的基础、转化和临床结构。
Platelets play a vital role in normal hemostasis to stem blood loss at sites of vascular injury by tethering and adhering to sites of injury, recruiting other platelets and blood cells to the developing clot, releasing vasoactive small molecules and proteins, assembling and activating plasma coagulation proteins in a tightly regulated temporal and spatial manner. In synchrony with specific end-products of coagulation, primarily cross-linked fibrin, a stable thrombus quickly forms. Far beyond physiologic hemostasis and pathologic thrombosis, emerging evidence supports platelets playing a pivotal role in vascular homeostasis, inflammation, cellular repair, regeneration and wide range of autocrine and paracrine functions. In essence, platelets play both structural and functional roles as reporters, messengers and active transporters surveying the vasculature for cues of environmental and/or developmental stimuli and participating as first responders. In this review, we will provide a contemporary perspective of platelet physiology, including fundamental, translational and clinical constructs that apply directly to human health and disease.