FLASH ultra-high dose rates in radiotherapy: preclinical and radiobiological evidence
FLASH ultra-high dose rates in radiotherapy: preclinical and radiobiological evidence
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DOI：
10.1080/09553002.2022.2009143
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发表时间：
2021-12
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
A. Borghini;C. Vecoli;L. Labate;D. Panetta;M. Andreassi;L. Gizzi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Borghini;C. Vecoli;L. Labate;D. Panetta;M. Andreassi;L. Gizzi
摘要目的闪光放射治疗（FLASH-RT）目前被认为是癌症放射治疗的下一个突破，在很短的时间内提供100%的辐射剂量，并使正常组织免受有害损伤。在这里，我们回顾了目前的证据，临床前的调查结果，以及潜在的FLASH效应的放射生物学机制。我们还简要地研究了提供FLASH剂量率的研究及其对未来临床使用的影响的可用技术的情况。结论临床前研究报告表明，FLASH-RT降低了辐射诱导的毒性，同时在不同的动物模型中保持了等效的肿瘤反应。然而，FLASH效应背后的分子放射生物学尚未完全了解，需要进一步的实验来了解生物反应。未来的研究还包括设计一种能够产生适合超高剂量率肿瘤治疗的光束的FLASH传输系统。所有这些研究活动将大大受益于生物学，物理学和临床肿瘤学的多学科合作，增加了快速临床翻译FLASH-RT的潜力。
Abstract Purpose Flash radiotherapy (FLASH-RT) is currently being regarded as the next breakthrough in radiation treatment of cancer, delivering ultrahigh radiation doses in a very short time, and sparing normal tissues from detrimental injury. Here we review the current evidence on the preclinical findings as well as the radiobiological mechanisms underlying the FLASH effect. We also briefly examine the scenario of available technologies for delivering FLASH dose-rates for research and their implications for future clinical use. Conclusions Preclinical studies report that the FLASH-RT reduces radiation-induced toxicity whilst maintaining an equivalent tumor response across different animal models. However, the molecular radiobiology underlying FLASH effect is not fully understood and further experiments are necessary to understand the biological response. Future studies also includes the design of a FLASH delivery system able to produce beams appropriate for treatment of tumors with ultra-high dose rates. All these research activities will greatly benefit from a multidisciplinary collaboration across biology, physics and clinical oncology, increasing the potential of a rapid clinical translation of FLASH-RT.