Characterisation of UK diets according to degree of food processing and associations with socio-demographics and obesity: cross-sectional analysis of UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey (2008-12).
Characterisation of UK diets according to degree of food processing and associations with socio-demographics and obesity: cross-sectional analysis of UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey (2008-12).
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DOI：
10.1186/s12966-015-0317-y
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发表时间：
2015-12-18
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
White M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Adams J;White M
食品加工改变了食品的自然状态，以获得安全、方便、味道或适口性。以前的研究表明，工业加工食品和这些产品的饮食往往不太健康。然而，大多数以前的工作是基于家庭，而不是个人一级的数据。关于加工食品消费与健康标志物之间的关系或加工食品消费的社会人口相关性的报道很少。我们的目标是描述：根据加工程度分类的食物的营养含量;加工食物相对摄入量不同的饮食的营养含量;加工食物相对摄入量不同的个人的社会人口特征;以及加工食物摄入量与体重之间的关系。对英国国家饮食和营养调查（2008-12）数据的二次分析，这是一项大型的全国性饮食横断面研究。饮食信息收集使用四天，未称重，食物日记。食物被分类为：未经加工或最低限度加工的食品（MPF;没有加工或大多数物理过程应用于单一完整食品的食品），加工成分（PI;单一完整食品的提取和纯化成分）或超加工食品（UPF;由MPF和PI的工业组合生产的产品）。其中包括2174名成年人。MPF和饮食中富含这些食物，具有最健康的营养特征。UPF并不一定具有最不健康的营养成分，但这些食物的饮食含量很高。妇女和老年人从MPF消耗更多的能量，而从UPF消耗较少。那些生活在低职业社会阶层家庭的人从强积金中消耗的能源较少，但从UPF中消耗的能源并不多。只有较高的PI摄入量始终与体重呈负相关。这是第一项利用来自全国大样本的个人水平数据探索加工食品消费相关性的研究。虽然MPF的高摄入量和UPF的低摄入量与最健康的饮食结构相关，但只有PI的摄入量始终与体重相关。UPF的消费因年龄和性别而异，但出乎意料的是，不是职业社会阶层。需要进行纵向工作，以确认与健康指标的关系。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1186/s12966-015-0317-y）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Food processing alters food from its natural state for safety, convenience, taste or palatability. Previous research suggests that industrially processed foods, and diets high in these products, tend to be less healthful. However, most previous work is based on household, rather than individual-level, data. Little has been reported on the relationship between processed food consumption and markers of health; or on socio-demographic correlates of processed food consumption. Our objective was to describe: the nutritional content of foods classified according to degree of processing; the nutritional content of diets with different relative intakes of processed foods; the socio-demographic characteristics of individuals with different relative intakes of processed foods; and the association between intake of processed foods and body weight. Secondary analysis of data from the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey (2008–12), a large national cross-sectional study of diet. Dietary information was collected using four-day, unweighed, food-diaries. Foods were classified as: unprocessed or minimally processed (MPF; foods with no processing or mostly physical processes applied to single whole foods), processed ingredients (PI; extracted and purified components of single whole foods), or ultra-processed food products (UPF; products produced from industrial combining of MPF and PI). Two thousand one hundred seventy four adults were included. MPF and diets high in these foods, had the most healthful nutritional profile. UPF did not necessarily have the least healthful nutritional profile, but diets high in these foods did. Women, and older adults consumed more energy from MPF, and less from UPF. Those living in lower occupation social class households consumed less energy from MPF, but no more from UPF. Only higher intake of PI was consistently, inversely, associated with body weight. This is the first study to explore correlates of processed food consumption, using individual-level data from a large, national sample. Although higher intakes of MPF and lower intakes of UPF were associated with the most healthful dietary profiles, only intake of PI was consistently associated with body weight. Consumption of UPF varied by age and gender, but, unexpectedly, not by occupational social class. Longitudinal work is required to confirm relationships with health markers. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12966-015-0317-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.