How do habits guide behavior? Perceived and actual triggers of habits in daily life
How do habits guide behavior? Perceived and actual triggers of habits in daily life
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jesp.2011.10.011
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发表时间：
2012-03-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Lally, Phillippa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Neal, David T.;Wood, Wendy;Lally, Phillippa
引发日常生活习惯的心理机制是什么？两项研究表明，强烈的习惯受到与过去表现（例如地点）相关的环境线索的影响，但相对不受当前目标的影响。具体来说，绩效背景而不是目标会自动触发记忆中的强烈习惯行为（实验 1），并引发明显的习惯绩效（实验 2）。尽管如此，习惯有时似乎与目标相关，因为人们自我认为他们的习惯是由目标引导的。此外，中等强度的习惯会自动受到目标的影响，从而在习惯强度和实际目标影响之间产生曲线U形关系。因此，利用自我认知或中等强度习惯的研究可能会发现习惯与目标相关。 (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。
What are the psychological mechanisms that trigger habits in daily life? Two studies reveal that strong habits are influenced by context cues associated with past performance (e.g., locations) but are relatively unaffected by current goals. Specifically, performance contexts but not goals automatically triggered strongly habitual behaviors in memory (Experiment 1) and triggered overt habit performance (Experiment 2). Nonetheless, habits sometimes appear to be linked to goals because people self-perceive their habits to be guided by goals. Furthermore, habits of moderate strength are automatically influenced by goals, yielding a curvilinear, U-shaped relation between habit strength and actual goal influence. Thus, research that taps self-perceptions or moderately strong habits may find habits to be linked to goals. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.