Interacting With Sexist Men Triggers Social Identity Threat Among Female Engineers
Interacting With Sexist Men Triggers Social Identity Threat Among Female Engineers
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DOI：
10.1037/a0015703
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发表时间：
2009-06-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Bell, Amy E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Logel, Christine;Walton, Gregory M.;Bell, Amy E.
社会身份威胁是指一个人的许多社会身份中的一个可能在特定背景下有被贬低的风险。M. Steele，S. J. Spencer，& J. Aronson，2002）。作者认为，在女性已经被负面定型的领域，与性别歧视的男性互动可能会引发社会身份威胁，破坏女性的表现。在研究1中，在性别歧视的微妙测量中得分很高的男性工程专业学生对一个表面上的女同学表现出主导和性兴趣。在研究2和3中，与这些性别歧视的男性互动的女性工程专业学生，或者与受过同样行为训练的同伙互动的女性工程专业学生，在工程测试中的表现比与无性别歧视的男性互动的女性更差。研究4重复了这一发现，并表明妇女的表现不佳并没有延伸到英语测试，在这一领域，妇女没有负面的陈规定型观念。研究5表明，与有性别歧视的男子交往会导致妇女抑制对性别陈规定型观念的关切，这是陈规定型观念威胁的一种既定机制。讨论涉及社会身份的威胁和妇女在学校和工作中的表现的影响。
Social identity threat is the notion that one of a person's many social identities may be at risk of being devalued in a particular context (C. M. Steele, S. J. Spencer, & J. Aronson, 2002). The authors suggest that in domains in which women are already negatively stereotyped, interacting with a sexist man can trigger social identity threat, undermining women's performance. In Study 1, male engineering students who scored highly on a subtle measure of sexism behaved in a dominant and sexually interested way toward an ostensible female classmate. In Studies 2 and 3, female engineering students who interacted with such sexist men, or with confederates trained to behave in the same way, performed worse on an engineering test than did women who interacted with nonsexist men. Study 4 replicated this finding and showed that women's underperformance did not extend to an English test, an area in which women are not negatively stereotyped. Study 5 showed that interacting with sexist men leads women to suppress concerns about gender stereotypes, an established mechanism of stereotype threat. Discussion addresses implications for social identity threat and for women's performance in school and at work.