Fault Patterns Associated with Domes--An Experimental and Analytical Study
Fault Patterns Associated with Domes--An Experimental and Analytical Study
复制标题
与圆顶相关的故障模式--实验和分析研究
DOI：
10.1306/03b59afd-16d1-11d7-8645000102c1865d
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发表时间：
1982
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Cynthia Scheiner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Withjack;Cynthia Scheiner
实验(粘土)和分析模型表明，区域应变，无论是伸展还是挤压，都对穹隆产生的断层模式产生重大影响。我们的模型特别模拟了均匀材料在同时施加和不同时施加区域水平应变的情况下，由柔和的拱形所产生的浅变形。圆穹顶的模型表明，在没有区域应变的情况下，正断层在顶部和侧翼发育。在侧翼，正断层呈放射状走向。随着区域的伸展，圆顶上的正断层与区域伸展方向垂直，而两侧的许多正断层则向区域伸展方向倾斜。走滑断裂与周边区域伸展方向成60°走向。在区域挤压作用下，圆顶和两侧的许多正断层与区域挤压方向平行。与区域挤压方向成30°走向的走滑断裂也在侧翼形成，在外围发育垂直于区域挤压方向的逆断层。我们的模型表明，区域应变对椭圆形穹隆产生的断层模式有类似的影响。我们的模型的断层模式类似于盐底辟上方和基底隆起区块上方的穹隆状地层的断层模式。
Experimental (clay) and analytical models suggest that regional strain, either extension or compression, significantly affects the fault patterns produced by doming. Our models specifically simulate the shallow deformation produced by gentle doming of a homogeneous material with and without a simultaneously applied, regional horizontal strain. The models of circular domes show that without regional strain, normal faults develop on the crests and flanks. On the flanks, the normal faults have radial trends. With regional extension, normal faults on the crests of circular domes trend perpendicularly to the regional extension direction, whereas many normal faults on the flanks trend obliquely to it. Strike-slip faults trending 60° from the regional extension direction fo m near the peripheries. With regional compression, many normal faults on the crests and flanks of circular domes strike parallel with the regional compression direction. Strike-slip faults trending 30° from the regional compression direction also form on the flanks, and reverse faults striking perpendicularly to the regional compression direction develop on the peripheries. Our models show that regional strain affects the fault patterns produced by elliptical doming similarly. The fault patterns of our models resemble fault patterns of domed strata above salt diapirs and above uplifted blocks of basement.