A Companion to New Media Dynamics
A Companion to New Media Dynamics
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新媒体动态的伴侣
DOI：
10.1002/9781118321607.ch21
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Attwood F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Attwood F
将技术用于性目的或这种使用往往引起的关切并不是什么新鲜事。性、媒体和技术发展从印刷机开始，通过书籍、电影、杂志和视频，到今天的移动的和数字媒体，一直紧密地联系在一起;这种联系总是伴随着担心危险影响的焦虑声音。然而，网上性活动似乎特别令人担忧，因为它们似乎象征着一系列问题;网上关系的“加速亲密”（罗斯2005：346），“一个更大的去中心化趋势在通信”（Coopersmith 2000：34），监管互联网的困难，以及性与物质世界和熟悉的亲属关系和浪漫框架的更广泛脱钩。任何技术的性使用继续激发兴趣并占据头条新闻; Wired的一份报告声称“互联网色情是新的快克可卡因，导致成瘾，厌女症，恋童癖，隆胸和勃起功能障碍”（Singel 2004）代表了媒体对该主题的报道。性活动已经成为“互联网技术和经济增长和发展的一个主要变量”（奥布莱恩和夏皮罗，2004：115），人们现在可以通过各种各样的方式（商业和其他方式）访问色情内容，购买性玩具，寻求性建议，并进行性联系和互动。Nicola Döring注意到对这一系列活动的研究的增长-在线使用色情和性商店，提供在线性教育，性亚文化网络的发展，以及无数形式的人际接触，这些接触保持在线或将在线和离线的性生活吸引在一起-然而，她的结论是，我们对这些发展中的大多数知之甚少，而且该地区的学术研究存在“数量惊人的差距”（2009：1089）。互联网所带来的文化变革进程体现在色情制品生产、消费和销售的转变上。色情片变得更容易获得，吸引了新的、更小的、独立的、业余的制作人和各种新的观众。大型主流公司现在摩擦
There is nothing new in the use of technologies for the purposes of sex, or in the concern that this use tends to arouse. Sex, media, and technological development have been closely associated with one another from the printing press onwards, through books, films, magazines, and video to today’s mobile and digital media; an association always accompanied by anxious voices concerned with dangerous effects. However, online sexual activities seem to be particularly worrisome because of the way they appear to emblematize a range of concerns; the ‘‘accelerated intimacy’’of online relationships (Ross 2005: 346),‘‘a larger decentralizing trend in communications’’(Coopersmith 2000: 34), the difficulty of regulating the Internet, and a broader uncoupling of sex from the material world and from familiar frameworks of kinship and romance. The sexual use of any technology continues to excite interest and grab headlines; a Wired report that claims ‘‘Internet pornography is the new crack cocaine, leading to addiction, misogyny, pedophilia, boob jobs and erectile dysfunction’’(Singel 2004) typifies media coverage of the topic. Sexual activities have become ‘‘a major variable in the technological and economic growth and development of the Internet’’(O’Brien and Shapiro 2004: 115), where people now access porn, buy sex toys, seek sex advice, and connect and interact sexually in a wide variety of ways, commercial and otherwise. Nicola Döring notes the growth of research into this range of activities–the online use of pornography and sex shops, the provision of online sex education, the development of networking in sexual subcultures, and the myriad forms of interpersonal contact that stay online or draw online and offline sex lives together–yet she concludes that we know very little about most of these developments and that there are a ‘‘surprising number of gaps’’in scholarship in the area (2009: 1089). The processes of cultural change brought about by the Internet are exemplified by shifts in pornographic production, consumption, and distribution. Porn has become much more accessible, drawing in new and smaller, independent, and amateur producers and a variety of new audiences. Large mainstream companies now rub