Urinary iodine levels and thyroid diseases in children; Comparison between Nagasaki and Chernobyl
Urinary iodine levels and thyroid diseases in children; Comparison between Nagasaki and Chernobyl
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DOI：
10.1507/endocrj.48.591
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发表时间：
2001-10-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Yamashita, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ishigaki, K;Namba, H;Yamashita, S
我们评估了日本长崎和受切尔诺贝利事故严重放射性污染的白俄罗斯戈梅尔儿童甲状腺疾病的发病率和尿碘水平，以获得富碘地区(日本)和贫碘地区(白俄罗斯)的甲状腺疾病比较数据。在长崎，用微量板法过硫酸铵消化法测得的尿碘中位数为362.9微克/升。为了评估日本的地域差异，其他样本分别在滨松和北海道的南香叶，中位数分别为208.4微克/L和1015.5微克/L。此外，长崎的超声甲状腺筛查仅发现4例甲状腺肿大(1.6%)，2例(0.8%)有囊性变性和单发甲状腺囊肿。超声检查未发现甲状腺结节。相比之下，蒙古羊的尿碘水平中位数为41.3ug/L。戈梅尔的甲状腺肿大(13.6%)和回声异常(1.74%)的发生率明显高于长崎，提示缺碘是切尔诺贝利周围儿童甲状腺异常增加的关键因素。切尔诺贝利事故后刚刚释放的放射性碘可能主要影响了居住在缺碘地区的儿童。我们的结果提示，从未来前瞻性研究的角度来看，学龄儿童平时甲状腺筛查的管理可能有利于监测放射性碘的不良反应。
We evaluated the incidence of childhood thyroid diseases and urinary iodine levels in Nagasaki, Japan and in Gomel, Belarus, which was greatly radio-contaminated by the Chernobyl accident, in order to obtain the comparative data of thyroid diseases between iodine-rich (Japan) and -deficient (Belarus) areas. In Nagasaki, the median level of urinary iodine, measured by ammonium persulfate digestion in microplate method, was 362.9 mug/L. In order to evaluate the geographical differences in Japan, other samples were collected in Hamamatsu and in South Kayabe, Hokkaido, where the median levels were 208.4 mug/L and 1015.5 mug/L, respectively. Furthermore, thyroid screening by ultrasound (US) in Nagasaki revealed only four cases that showed goiter (1.6%) and two cases (0.8%) that had cystic degeneration and single thyroid cyst. There was no evidence of thyroid nodule detected by US examination. In contrast, the median of urinary iodine level was 41.3 mug/L in Gomel. The incidences of goiter (13.6%) and echogenic abnormality (1.74%) in Gomel were much higher than in Nagasaki, suggesting the critical involvement of iodine deficiency in increased childhood thyroid abnormality around Chernobyl. Radioactive iodine released just after the Chernobyl accident may have influenced predominantly children residing in iodine-deficient areas. Our results suggest that management of thyroid screening for schoolchildren at ordinary times may be beneficial for monitoring the adverse effects of radioactive iodine from the standpoint of future prospective study.