Constructing benefits from adversity: Adaptational significance and dispositional underpinnings
Constructing benefits from adversity: Adaptational significance and dispositional underpinnings
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-6494.1996.tb00948.x
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发表时间：
1996-12-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Tennen, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Affleck, G;Tennen, H
在许多研究中，发现逆境生活的好处与心理健康有关，是几种针对威胁的认知适应理论的关键，并且可以通过性格差异进行预测。本文总结了从重大医疗问题中寻找益处的普遍性和适应性意义，确定了寻找益处在压力和应对理论中的位置，并探讨了乐观和希望等特定心理倾向以及外向性和体验开放性等更广泛的人格特质如何塑造它。关于从逆境中获益的信念（发现益处）与使用这些知识作为应对问题的深思熟虑的策略（益处提醒）之间的区别通过应对慢性疼痛的日常过程研究得到了强调和说明。
The discovery of benefits from living with adversity has been implicated in psychological well-being in numerous investigations, is pivotal to several prominent theories of cognitive adaptation to threat, and can be predicted by personality differences. This article summarizes the prevalence and adaptive significance of finding benefits from major medical problems, locates the place of benefit-finding in stress and coping theories, and examines how it may be shaped by specific psychological dispositions such as optimism and hope and by broader personality traits such as Extraversion and Openness to Experience. The distinction between beliefs about benefits from adversity (benefit-finding) and the use of such knowledge as a deliberate strategy of coping with the problem (benefit-reminding) is underscored and illustrated by daily process research on coping with chronic pain.